{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,17]],"date-time":"2026-01-17T04:37:29Z","timestamp":1768624649220,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,12]],"date-time":"2023-01-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1673481600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"COMPETE 2020\u2014Operational Programme for Competitiveness and Internationalisation and Portuguese national funds via FCT\u2014Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","award":["UIDB\/04539\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04539\/2020"]}]},{"name":"COMPETE 2020\u2014Operational Programme for Competitiveness and Internationalisation and Portuguese national funds via FCT\u2014Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","award":["UIDP\/04539\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/04539\/2020"]}]},{"name":"COMPETE 2020\u2014Operational Programme for Competitiveness and Internationalisation and Portuguese national funds via FCT\u2014Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","award":["LA\/P\/0058\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0058\/2020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Plants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Salvia is widely recognized for its therapeutic potential. However, the biological relevance of some species remains unknown, namely Salvia cacaliifolia Benth. Therefore, the aim of this study is to unveil the chemical composition and relevant properties to its essential oil (EO). The EO was characterized by GC and GC-MS and its antifungal effect was evaluated according to the CLSI guidelines on dermatophytes and yeasts. The anti-inflammatory potential was assessed on lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages, by assessing the production of nitric oxide (NO) and the effect on the protein levels of two key pro-inflammatory enzymes, iNOS and COX-2 by western blot analysis. Wound healing capacity was determined using the scratch wound healing assay, and the anti-aging potential was assessed by evaluating the senescence marker \u03b2-galactosidase. The EO was mainly characterized by \u03b3-curcumene, \u03b2-bisabolene, bicyclogermacrene and curzerenone. It is effective in inhibiting the growth of dermatophytes and C. neoformans. The EO significantly decreased iNOS and COX-2 protein levels and concomitantly reduced NO release. Additionally, it demonstrated anti-senescence potential and promoted wound healing. Overall, this study highlights relevant pharmacological properties of the EO of Salvia cacaliifolia, which should be further explored envisaging the development of sustainable, innovative, and environmentally friendly skin products.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/plants12020359","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,12]],"date-time":"2023-01-12T04:29:38Z","timestamp":1673497778000},"page":"359","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Unveiling the Chemical Composition and Biological Properties of Salvia cacaliifolia Benth. Essential Oil"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5270-3993","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jorge M.","family":"Alves-Silva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research, Health Sciences Campus, University of  Coimbra, Azinhaga de S. Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy, Health Sciences Campus, University of  Coimbra, Azinhaga de S. Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1360-7886","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emma","family":"Cocco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Plant Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Viale Sant\u2019Ignazio, 09123 Cagliari, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7232-4966","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alessandra","family":"Piras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, 09042 Monserrato, Italy"}]},{"given":"Maria Jos\u00e9","family":"Gon\u00e7alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy, Health Sciences Campus, University of  Coimbra, Azinhaga de S. Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Chemical Process Engineering and Forest Products Research Centre, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of  Coimbra, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of  Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8504-5667","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Danilo","family":"Falconieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Plant Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Viale Sant\u2019Ignazio, 09123 Cagliari, Italy"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Porcedda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, 09042 Monserrato, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9846-6754","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Teresa","family":"Cruz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy, Health Sciences Campus, University of  Coimbra, Azinhaga de S. Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of  Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6675-2219","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Maxia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Plant Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Viale Sant\u2019Ignazio, 09123 Cagliari, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0948-821X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"L\u00edgia","family":"Salgueiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy, Health Sciences Campus, University of  Coimbra, Azinhaga de S. Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Chemical Process Engineering and Forest Products Research Centre, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of  Coimbra, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bongomin, F., Gago, S., Oladele, R., and Denning, D. (2017). Global and Multi-National Prevalence of Fungal Diseases\u2014Estimate Precision. J. Fungi, 3.","DOI":"10.3390\/jof3040057"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2016.11.019","article-title":"Antifungals","volume":"133","author":"Campoy","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biochem. 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