{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]],"date-time":"2026-04-07T20:29:37Z","timestamp":1775593777721,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":113,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,6]],"date-time":"2024-01-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704499200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002848","name":"Agencia Nacional de Investigaci\u00f3n y Desarrollo, Chile","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ANID\/FONDECYT\/3210588"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANID\/FONDECYT\/3210588"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002848","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002848","name":"Agencia Nacional de Investigaci\u00f3n y Desarrollo, Chile","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ANID\/FONDECYT\/1210964"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANID\/FONDECYT\/1210964"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002848","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002848","name":"Agencia Nacional de Investigaci\u00f3n y Desarrollo, Chile","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ANID\/FONDAP\/15130015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANID\/FONDAP\/15130015"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002848","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002848","name":"Agencia Nacional de Investigaci\u00f3n y Desarrollo, Chile","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["InES19-FRO19001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["InES19-FRO19001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002848","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Ministerio de Educaci\u00f3n, Chile","award":["ANID\/FONDECYT\/3210588"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANID\/FONDECYT\/3210588"]}]},{"name":"Ministerio de Educaci\u00f3n, Chile","award":["ANID\/FONDECYT\/1210964"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANID\/FONDECYT\/1210964"]}]},{"name":"Ministerio de Educaci\u00f3n, Chile","award":["ANID\/FONDAP\/15130015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANID\/FONDAP\/15130015"]}]},{"name":"Ministerio de Educaci\u00f3n, Chile","award":["InES19-FRO19001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["InES19-FRO19001"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Plants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Drought is a major challenge for agriculture worldwide, being one of the main causes of losses in plant production. Various studies reported that some soil\u2019s bacteria can improve plant tolerance to environmental stresses by the enhancement of water and nutrient uptake by plants. The Atacama Desert in Chile, the driest place on earth, harbors a largely unexplored microbial richness. This study aimed to evaluate the ability of various Bacillus sp. from the hyper arid Atacama Desert in the improvement in tolerance to drought stress in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var. capitata, cv. \u201cSuper Milanesa\u201d) plants. Seven strains of Bacillus spp. were isolated from the rhizosphere of the Chilean endemic plants Metharme lanata and Nolana jaffuelii, and then identified using the 16s rRNA gene. Indole acetic acid (IAA) production, phosphate solubilization, nitrogen fixation, and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) deaminase activity were assessed. Lettuce plants were inoculated with Bacillus spp. strains and subjected to two different irrigation conditions (95% and 45% of field capacity) and their biomass, net photosynthesis, relative water content, photosynthetic pigments, nitrogen and phosphorus uptake, oxidative damage, proline production, and phenolic compounds were evaluated. The results indicated that plants inoculated with B. atrophaeus, B. ginsengihumi, and B. tequilensis demonstrated the highest growth under drought conditions compared to non-inoculated plants. Treatments increased biomass production and were strongly associated with enhanced N-uptake, water status, chlorophyll content, and photosynthetic activity. Our results show that specific Bacillus species from the Atacama Desert enhance drought stress tolerance in lettuce plants by promoting several beneficial plant traits that facilitate water absorption and nutrient uptake, which support the use of this unexplored and unexploited natural resource as potent bioinoculants to improve plant production under increasing drought conditions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/plants13020158","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,8]],"date-time":"2024-01-08T03:49:04Z","timestamp":1704685744000},"page":"158","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Enhancing Water Status and Nutrient Uptake in Drought-Stressed Lettuce Plants (Lactuca sativa L.) via Inoculation with Different Bacillus spp. Isolated from the Atacama Desert"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2514-4583","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christian","family":"Santander","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Ciencias Qu\u00edmicas y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile"},{"name":"Grupo de Ingenier\u00eda Ambiental y Biotecnolog\u00eda, Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Centro EULA-Chile, Universidad de Concepci\u00f3n, Concepci\u00f3n 4070411, Chile"}]},{"given":"Felipe","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Ciencias Qu\u00edmicas y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile"},{"name":"Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Menci\u00f3n Biolog\u00eda Celular y Molecular Aplicada, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile"}]},{"given":"Urley","family":"P\u00e9rez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Ciencias Qu\u00edmicas y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8578-3475","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonieta","family":"Ruiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Ciencias Qu\u00edmicas y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2402-2063","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ricardo","family":"Aroca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Microbiolog\u00eda del Suelo y la Planta, Estaci\u00f3n Experimental del Zaid\u00edn, CSIC, Profesor Albareda 1, 18008 Granada, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4681-0941","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cledir","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Ciencias Qu\u00edmicas y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2124-3100","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pablo","family":"Cornejo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Escuela de Agronom\u00eda, Facultad de Ciencias Agron\u00f3micas y de los Alimentos, Pontificia Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Valpara\u00edso, Quillota 2260000, Chile"},{"name":"Centro Regional de Investigaci\u00f3n e Innovaci\u00f3n para la Sostenibilidad de la Agricultura y los Territorios Rurales, CERES, La Palma, Quillota 2260000, Chile"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7433-5004","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gladys","family":"Vidal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo de Ingenier\u00eda Ambiental y Biotecnolog\u00eda, Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Centro EULA-Chile, Universidad de Concepci\u00f3n, Concepci\u00f3n 4070411, Chile"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.3390\/physiologia2040015","article-title":"Drought Stress Tolerance in Plants: Interplay of Molecular, Biochemical and Physiological Responses in Important Development Stages","volume":"2","author":"Oguz","year":"2022","journal-title":"Physiologia"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2769","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2010.0180","article-title":"The future of the global food system","volume":"365","author":"Godfray","year":"2010","journal-title":"Philos. 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