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The distribution of exposed strawberry plants in the area was based on a citizen science approach, where residents were invited to have the plants exposed outside their homes. Samples were collected from a total of 49 different locations, and their chemical composition was analyzed for 22 chemical elements using X-ray Fluorescence spectrometry. Source apportionment tools, such as enrichment factors and principal component analysis (PCA), were used to identify three different sources, one geogenic and two anthropogenic (steel industry and traffic), besides plant major nutrients. The spatial distribution of elemental concentrations allowed the identification of the main pollution hotspots in the study area. The reliability of using strawberry leaves as biomonitors of air pollution was evaluated by comparing them with the performance of transplanted lichens by regression analysis, and a significant relation was found for Fe, Pb, Ti, and Zn, although with a different accumulation degree for the two biomonitors. Furthermore, by applying PCA to the lichen results, the same pollution sources were identified.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/plants13243587","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,23]],"date-time":"2024-12-23T08:16:07Z","timestamp":1734941767000},"page":"3587","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Strawberry Plant as a Biomonitor of Trace Metal Air Pollution\u2014A Citizen Science Approach in an Urban-Industrial Area near Lisbon, Portugal"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7656-1053","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carla A.","family":"Gamelas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Ci\u00eancias e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, Km 139.7, 2695-066 Bobadela, Portugal"},{"name":"Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Set\u00fabal, Escola Superior de Tecnologia de Set\u00fabal, Campus do IPS, Estefanilha, 2914-508 Set\u00fabal, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0856-8448","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nuno","family":"Canha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Ci\u00eancias e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, Km 139.7, 2695-066 Bobadela, Portugal"},{"name":"HyLab\u2014Green Hydrogen Collaborative Laboratory, Estrada Nacional 120-1, Central Termoel\u00e9trica, 7520-089 Sines, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Ana R.","family":"Justino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Ci\u00eancias e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, Km 139.7, 2695-066 Bobadela, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Nunes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Ci\u00eancias e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, Km 139.7, 2695-066 Bobadela, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0123-5771","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sandra","family":"Nunes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Set\u00fabal, Escola Superior de Ci\u00eancias Empresariais, Campus do IPS, Estefanilha, 2914-508 Set\u00fabal, Portugal"},{"name":"Center for Mathematics and Applications, NOVAMATH, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Isabel","family":"Dion\u00edsio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Ci\u00eancias e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, Km 139.7, 2695-066 Bobadela, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9338-395X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zsofia","family":"Kertesz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HUN-REN Institute for Nuclear Research (ATOMKI), 4026 Debrecen, Hungary"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8506-6679","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Susana Marta","family":"Almeida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Ci\u00eancias e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, Km 139.7, 2695-066 Bobadela, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1080\/10473289.2006.10464485","article-title":"Health Effects of Fine Particulate Air Pollution: Lines That Connect","volume":"56","author":"Pope","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. 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