{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]],"date-time":"2025-11-04T12:22:17Z","timestamp":1762258937687,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]],"date-time":"2025-11-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762214400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001807","name":"S\u00e3o Paulo Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2019\/02387-6","2020\/01494-0"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019\/02387-6","2020\/01494-0"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001807","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Plants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The development of an efficient agricultural system depends on the correct choice of crops and the management of nutrient supply and distribution within the system. This study aimed to determine how nitrogen (N) rates applied to rows of maize and tropical grass during the autumn\u2013winter season (previous crop) influence subsequent intercropped plants. Treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block design with a split-plot scheme and four replications. The main plots comprised three cropping systems: soybean monoculture, soybean intercropped with Aruana Guinea grass (Megathyrsus maximus cv. Aruana), and soybean intercropped with Congo grass (Urochloa ruziziensis cv. Comum). The subplots consisted of four N rates (0, 50, 100, and 150 kg ha\u22121) applied to the rows of maize and tropical grass during the previous crop. Macronutrient accumulation and efficiency indices were determined for intercropped plants. Aruana Guinea grass increased the accumulation of N, phosphorus (P), potassium (K), and sulphur (S) in the soybean crop. N applied to the previous crop negatively affected the accumulation of P, K, and S in soybean monoculture. The maximum physiological efficiency of soybean was related to N supply. The efficiency indices for Aruana Guinea grass highlighted its ability to recover residual N applied to the previous crop.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/plants14213372","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]],"date-time":"2025-11-04T11:11:16Z","timestamp":1762254676000},"page":"3372","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Impact of the Nitrogen on Nutrient Dynamics in Soybean\u2013Grass Intercropping in a Degraded Pasture Area"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5432-7477","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karina","family":"Batista","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Zootecnia\u2014IZ, Ag\u00eancia Paulista de Tecnologia dos Agroneg\u00f3cios\u2014APTA, 56 Heitor Penteado St. Centro, Nova Odessa 13380-011, SP, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7735-3355","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mayne Barboza","family":"Sarti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Zootecnia\u2014IZ, Ag\u00eancia Paulista de Tecnologia dos Agroneg\u00f3cios\u2014APTA, 56 Heitor Penteado St. Centro, Nova Odessa 13380-011, SP, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4114-8066","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"La\u00edze Aparecida Ferreira","family":"Vilela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Ci\u00eancias da Natureza, Universidade Federal de S\u00e3o Carlos, Rodovia Lauri Sim\u00f5es de Barros, km 12\u2014SP-189, Bairro Araca\u00e7\u00fa, Buri 18290-000, SP, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4204-9043","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ricardo Alexander Pe\u00f1a","family":"Venegas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Agricultural Sciences and Production Department, Zamorano University, Box 93, Km. 30 Carretera de Tegucigalpa a Danl\u00ed, Valle del Yeguare, San Antonio de Oriente, Francisco Moraz\u00e1n P.O. Box 93, Honduras"}]},{"given":"Gerardo","family":"Ojeda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Escuela de Ciencias Agr\u00edcolas, Pecuarias y del Medio Ambiente ECAPMA, Universidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia UNAD, Cl. 14 Sur # 14-23, Bogot\u00e1 111511, DC, Colombia"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Santos, C.O.D., Mesquita, V.V., Parente, L.L., Pinto, A.d.S., and Ferreira, L.G. (2022). Assessing the wall-to-wall spatial and qualitative dynamics of the brazilian pasturelands 2010\u20132018, based on the analysis of the landsat data archive. 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