{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,15]],"date-time":"2025-11-15T05:29:03Z","timestamp":1763184543804,"version":"3.45.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]],"date-time":"2025-11-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762992000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o do Esp\u00edrito Santo\u2014FAPES","award":["2022-WTZQP","2024-9H43M","2022-M465D"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022-WTZQP","2024-9H43M","2022-M465D"]}]},{"name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico\u2014CNPq","award":["309535\/2021-2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["309535\/2021-2"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100031980","name":"United Nations Industrial Development Organization","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100031980","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"OIKOS Institute"},{"name":"L\u00fario University"},{"name":"Association of Coffee Producers of Ibo-Cabo Delgado"},{"name":"Coffee Producers of Inhambane and Gaza"},{"name":"Institute of Agricultural Research of Mozambique"},{"name":"Agrarian Institute of Panda\u2014Inhambane"},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia, I.P."}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Plants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Estimated climate change scenarios demand robust coffee cultivars tolerant to supra-optimal temperatures, water deficit, diseases, and other stresses. Wild Coffea species represent important genetic resources for resilience. The study of variations in morphological structures associated with transpiration control, such as stomata, represents an important approach for identifying genotypes with greater stress tolerance. This study evaluated stomatal density and morphology in 48 wild accessions, 24 of Coffea racemosa and 24 of C. zanguebariae, from provinces of Mozambique. Leaf samples provided microscopic images to assess stomatal traits: density (SD), polar diameter (PD), equatorial diameter (ED), stomatal functionality (SF), and leaf dry mass. Principal components were analyzed for all 48 accessions and separately by species. Mean distribution independence was tested with the Mann\u2013Whitney test (p &lt; 0.05). Results revealed inter- and intraspecific variation. The ability to distinguish accessions varies with the set of traits and species. A significant negative correlation between ED and SF was shared by both species, suggesting a conserved functional pattern. This study discusses the differences in stomatal traits between wild and commercial coffee species and aspects related to possible alterations of stomatal structures during their adaptation to climate change. Additionally, it points to accessions with potential use in genetic breeding programs to increase stomatal function and the possible adaptation of new cultivars.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/plants14223466","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]],"date-time":"2025-11-13T12:57:13Z","timestamp":1763038633000},"page":"3466","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Stomata Traits Diversity in Wild Accessions of Coffea racemosa and C. zanguebariae from Mozambique"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-9714-6549","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Niquisse Jos\u00e9","family":"Alberto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agrarian and Biological Sciences (DCAB), Federal University of Esp\u00edrito Santo\/UFES, Rod. BR 101 Norte, Km 60, Bairro Litor\u00e2neo, S\u00e3o Mateus 29932-540, Esp\u00edrito Santo, Brazil"},{"name":"Higher Polytechnic Institute of Mecuburi, Campus Tottoto, Mecub\u00fari 3100, Nampula, Mozambique"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6638-2513","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lar\u00edcia Ol\u00e1ria Emerick","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agrarian and Biological Sciences (DCAB), Federal University of Esp\u00edrito Santo\/UFES, Rod. BR 101 Norte, Km 60, Bairro Litor\u00e2neo, S\u00e3o Mateus 29932-540, Esp\u00edrito Santo, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-6516-1593","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gianluca","family":"Luongo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"United Nations Industrial Development Organization-UNIDO (IET\/AGR\/RAP), Wagramer Str. 5, Wien 1220, Australia"}]},{"given":"Armando Francisco","family":"Saide","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, L\u00fario University, Bairro Marrere 3100, Nampula , Mozambique"}]},{"given":"T\u00e9rcio Felisberto","family":"Hor\u00e1cio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Natural Sciences, L\u00fario University, Bairro Eduardo Mondlane, Pemba 3200, Cabo Delgado, Mozambique"}]},{"given":"Sitina Jos\u00e9","family":"Jos\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Natural Sciences, L\u00fario University, Bairro Eduardo Mondlane, Pemba 3200, Cabo Delgado, Mozambique"}]},{"given":"Salito Alexandre","family":"Bernardo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Oikos, Ilha de Ibo 3205, Cabo Delgado, Mozambique"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7639-7214","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 C.","family":"Ramalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Forest Research Center (CEF), Associate Laboratory TERRA, School of Agriculture (ISA), University of Lisbon (ULisboa), Quinta do Marqu\u00eas, Av. Rep\u00fablica, 2784-505 Oeiras and Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"GeoBioSciences, GeoTechnologies and GeoEngineering Unit (GeoBioTec), NOVA School of Science and Technology (FCT\/UNL), Monte de Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8830-0846","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"F\u00e1bio Luiz","family":"Partelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agrarian and Biological Sciences (DCAB), Federal University of Esp\u00edrito Santo\/UFES, Rod. BR 101 Norte, Km 60, Bairro Litor\u00e2neo, S\u00e3o Mateus 29932-540, Esp\u00edrito Santo, Brazil"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1007\/s12225-021-09952-5","article-title":"Six new species of coffee (Coffea) from northern Madagascar","volume":"76","author":"Davis","year":"2021","journal-title":"Kew Bull."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"ICO-International Coffee Organization-Monthly Coffee Market Report. Available online: https:\/\/www.ico.org\/documents\/cy2024-25\/cmr-0525-e.pdf."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tapa\u00e7a, I.D.P.E., Mavuque, L., Corti, R., Pedrazzani, S., Maquia, I.S., Tongai, C., Partelli, F.L., Ramalho, J.C., Marques, I., and Ribeiro-Barros, A.I. (2023). 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