{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T17:54:49Z","timestamp":1772819689142,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":194,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772755200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"European Union PRR, \u201cAgro+Eficiente\u201d","award":["C05-i03-I-000010"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["C05-i03-I-000010"]}]},{"name":"\u201cDragon Fruit: Validate the productive capacity of red pitaya\u201d","award":["PDR2020-101-FEADER-031201"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PDR2020-101-FEADER-031201"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Plants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Pitaya (Selenicereus spp.) cultivation has expanded in the Iberian Peninsula in recent years, driven mainly by increasing demand from the European market and by the crop\u2019s good adaptability to Mediterranean conditions. However, the successful consolidation of this crop requires the adoption of cultural practices adapted to regional edaphoclimatic conditions and production systems. The present review aims to synthesise and critically analyse the scientific literature on pitaya cultural practices, integrating information from major producing regions worldwide and from Mediterranean environments, where data remain limited. Key topics include propagation methods for success in early development, training systems and pruning, soil management within the framework of sustainable orchard management practices and the crop\u2019s versatility in integrating diverse agroecosystems. In addition, bibliometric analysis identified water requirements and irrigation strategies as key aspects for which region-specific guidelines are still required. This study emphasises the utilisation of floral induction techniques and the significance of supplementary manual pollination for ensuring higher productivity and superior fruit quality. Overall, this review provides a consolidated reference to support the development of sustainable and regionally adapted pitaya production systems in the Iberian Peninsula.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/plants15050807","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T11:05:44Z","timestamp":1772795144000},"page":"807","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Pitaya as a New Alternative Crop for Iberian Peninsula: Cultural Practices"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2291-8982","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Rita","family":"Trindade","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias e Tecnologia, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal"},{"name":"MED Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development & CHANGE Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0370-6055","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro","family":"Matias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias e Tecnologia, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal"},{"name":"MED Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development & CHANGE Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal"},{"name":"CIMA\/ARNET\u2014Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Marinha e Ambiental\/Rede de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Aqu\u00e1tica, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal"},{"name":"Instituto Superior de Engenharia, Universidade do Algarve, Campus da Penha, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0109-8030","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vander","family":"Lacerda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tropical Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Homestead, FL 33031, USA"},{"name":"Departamento de Produ\u00e7\u00e3o Vegetal (Horticultura), Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias Agron\u00f4micas, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu 18610-034, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4319-1682","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maribela","family":"Pestana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias e Tecnologia, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal"},{"name":"MED Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development & CHANGE Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0222-621X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nat\u00e1lia","family":"Marques","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias e Tecnologia, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal"},{"name":"MED Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development & CHANGE Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2763-1916","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Am\u00edlcar","family":"Duarte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias e Tecnologia, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal"},{"name":"MED Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development & CHANGE Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1007\/s11130-016-0586-x","article-title":"Comparative Study of Betacyanin Profile and Antimicrobial Activity of Red Pitahaya (Hylocereus_polyrhizus) and Red Spinach (Amaranthus_dubius)","volume":"72","author":"Yong","year":"2017","journal-title":"Plant Foods Human Nutr."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nishikito, D.F., Borges, A.C.A., Laurindo, L.F., Otoboni, A.M.M.B., Direito, R., Goulart, R.d.A., Nicolau, C.C.T., Fiorini, A.M.R., Sinatora, R.V., and Barbalho, S.M. 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