{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,17]],"date-time":"2025-12-17T23:02:10Z","timestamp":1766012530504,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,31]],"date-time":"2020-03-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1585612800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PTDC\/BIA-MIC\/1719\/2014, UID\/AGR\/04129\/2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PTDC\/BIA-MIC\/1719\/2014, UID\/AGR\/04129\/2019"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006201","name":"Instituto Superior de Agronomia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ApInovISA-2019."],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ApInovISA-2019."]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006201","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Plants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Daylily rust\u2014caused by Puccinia hemerocallidis\u2014was confined to Eastern Asia until the disease was reported in Oceania, Africa, the Americas and Portugal in the 21st century. Although information on rust resistance of American cultivars is available, little is known about the resistance of European bred cultivars, threating the ornamental sector if the fungus spreads to other European countries. Aiming to provide tools to address this, we analyzed the Portuguese pathogens and characterized rust resistance in a selection of cultivars, while optimizing disease rating scales. Morphologic, genetic and cytogenomic characterization of four isolates reveals narrow diversity and raises the question whether the pathogen may have originated in North- or Central America. Daily records of multiple symptomatologic parameters enabled a detailed disease progress analysis, discriminating cultivars according to their resistance levels and revealing susceptibility as the most common state. Among the tested cultivars, 12 out of 17 began to show symptoms between 6\u20138 dai and were classified as susceptible. Cultivars \u2018Stella d\u2019Oro\u2019, \u2018Bitsy\u2019 and \u2018Cherry Tiger\u2019 behaved as moderately resistant although the occurrence of late sporulation on leaves suggests incomplete resistance and challenges common rating scales. The identification of resistance sources in European breeding lines is crucial for the sustainable future of daylilies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/plants9040427","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,2]],"date-time":"2020-04-02T13:39:34Z","timestamp":1585834774000},"page":"427","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Pathological and Epidemiological Characterization of First Outbreak of Daylily Rust in Europe and Evaluation of Puccinia hemerocallidis Resistance in Hemerocallis Cultivars"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2855-8757","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Madalena","family":"Ramos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"LEAF, Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1349-017 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5847-9814","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rita","family":"Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LEAF, Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1349-017 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Elsa","family":"Soares da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LEAF, Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1349-017 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5974-7481","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Paula","family":"Ramos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LEAF, Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1349-017 Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"LPVVA, Laborat\u00f3rio de Patologia Vegetal \u201cVer\u00edssimo de Almeida\u201d, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1349-017 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6694-7502","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro","family":"Talhinhas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LEAF, Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1349-017 Lisbon, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.21273\/HORTTECH.25.4.551","article-title":"Survey of 575 daylily cultivars for severity of daylily rust in a southern Mississippi landscape","volume":"25","author":"Blythe","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hortechnology"},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Ethyl acetate fraction of Hemerocallis citrina baroni decreases tert-butyl hydroperoxide-induced oxidative stress damage in BRL-3A cells","volume":"2018","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Oxid. 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