{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]],"date-time":"2025-10-22T05:22:26Z","timestamp":1761110546386,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,24]],"date-time":"2020-08-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598227200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia, Portugal","award":["POCI-01-0145-FEDER-031946","POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029392","Centro-01-0145-FEDER-000007","SFRH\/BD\/146196\/2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["POCI-01-0145-FEDER-031946","POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029392","Centro-01-0145-FEDER-000007","SFRH\/BD\/146196\/2019"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Plants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In December 2017, a Ficus microcarpa \u201cTiger bark\u201d bonsai tree was acquired in a shopping center in Coimbra, Portugal, without symptoms in the leaves, but showing small atypical galls of infection caused by root-knot nematodes (RKN), Meloidogyne spp. The soil nematode community was assessed and four Tylenchida genera were detected: Helicotylenchus (94.02%), Tylenchus s.l. (4.35%), Tylenchorynchus s.l. (1.09%) and Meloidogyne (0.54%). The RKN M. javanica was identified through analysis of esterase isoenzyme phenotype (J3), PCR-RFLP of mitochondrial DNA region between COII and 16S rRNA genes and SCAR-PCR. The Helicotylenchus species was identified on the basis of female morphology that showed the body being spirally curved, with up to two turns after relation with gentle heat, a key feature of H. dihystera, and molecular characterization, using the D2D3 expansion region of the 28S rDNA, which revealed a similarity of 99.99% with available sequences of the common spiral nematode H. dihystera. To our knowledge, M. javanica and H. dihystera are reported for the first time as parasitizing F. microcarpa. Our findings reveal that more inspections are required to detect these and other plant-parasitic nematodes, mainly with quarantine status, to prevent their spread if found.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/plants9091085","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,24]],"date-time":"2020-08-24T10:37:32Z","timestamp":1598265452000},"page":"1085","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Ficus microcarpa Bonsai \u201cTiger bark\u201d Parasitized by the Root-Knot Nematode Meloidogyne javanica and the Spiral Nematode Helicotylenchus dihystera, a New Plant Host Record for Both Species"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4948-7473","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Duarte","family":"Santos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CFE, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Cal\u00e7ada Martim de Freitas, 3000 456 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Isabel","family":"Abrantes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CFE, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Cal\u00e7ada Martim de Freitas, 3000 456 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1616-3632","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carla","family":"Maleita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CFE, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Cal\u00e7ada Martim de Freitas, 3000 456 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"CIEPQPF, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Coimbra, Rua S\u00edlvio Lima, P\u00f3lo II\u2013Pinhal de Marrocos, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1111\/ddi.12267","article-title":"Taxonomic dissimilarity in patterns of interception and establishment of alien arthropods, nematodes and pathogens affecting woody plants in Europe","volume":"21","author":"Eschen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Divers. 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