{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T19:12:04Z","timestamp":1770837124925,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,15]],"date-time":"2019-10-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1571097600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"FAPESP, CNPq and FAEPEX","award":["2016\/03444-5, 2017\/05275-9, and 2017\/05333-9"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016\/03444-5, 2017\/05275-9, and 2017\/05333-9"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["M-ERA-NET\/0004\/2015-PAIRED"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["M-ERA-NET\/0004\/2015-PAIRED"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Polymers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Bromelain, a set of proteolytic enzymes potential pharmaceutical applications, was encapsulated in chitosan nanoparticles to enhance enzyme stability, and the effect of different chitosan sources was evaluated. Chitosan types (i.e., low molecular weight chitosan, chitosan oligosaccharide lactate, and chitosan from shrimp shells) produced nanoparticles with different physicochemical properties, however in all cases, particle size and zeta potential decreased, and polydispersity index increased after bromelain addition. Bromelain encapsulation was higher than 84% and 79% for protein content and enzymatic activity, respectively, with low molecular weight chitosan presenting the highest encapsulation efficiency. Nanoparticle suspension was also tested for accelerated stability and rheological behavior. For the chitosan\u2013bromelain nanoparticles, an instability index below 0.3 was recorded and, in general, the loading of bromelain in chitosan nanoparticles decreased the cohesiveness of the final suspension.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/polym11101681","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,16]],"date-time":"2019-10-16T03:32:54Z","timestamp":1571196774000},"page":"1681","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Effect of Polysaccharide Sources on the Physicochemical Properties of Bromelain\u2013Chitosan Nanoparticles"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1929-9474","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jana\u00edna Artem","family":"Ataide","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), 13010 Campinas, Brazil"},{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra (FFUC), P\u00f3lo das Ci\u00eancias da Sa\u00fade, 3000 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Eloah Favero","family":"G\u00e9rios","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra (FFUC), P\u00f3lo das Ci\u00eancias da Sa\u00fade, 3000 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), 13010 Campinas, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Let\u00edcia Caramori","family":"Cefali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra (FFUC), P\u00f3lo das Ci\u00eancias da Sa\u00fade, 3000 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Graduate Program in Biosciences and Technology of Bioactive Products, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), 13010 Campinas, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8787-7854","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Rita","family":"Fernandes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra (FFUC), P\u00f3lo das Ci\u00eancias da Sa\u00fade, 3000 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5306-1996","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria do C\u00e9u","family":"Teixeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra (FFUC), P\u00f3lo das Ci\u00eancias da Sa\u00fade, 3000 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9587-682X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nuno R.","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra (FFUC), P\u00f3lo das Ci\u00eancias da Sa\u00fade, 3000 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Elias Basile","family":"Tambourgi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemical Engineering, University of Campinas (Unicamp), 13010 Campinas, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Angela Faustino","family":"Jozala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology and Fermentation Process, University of Sorocaba (UNISO), 18010 Sorocaba, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3618-8415","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco Vinicius","family":"Chaud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Biomaterials &amp; Nanotechnology, University of Sorocaba (UNISO), 18010 Sorocaba, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Oliveira-Nascimento","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), 13010 Campinas, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3795-8189","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Priscila Gava","family":"Mazzola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), 13010 Campinas, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Eliana B.","family":"Souto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra (FFUC), P\u00f3lo das Ci\u00eancias da Sa\u00fade, 3000 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4700 Braga, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1341","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S158736","article-title":"Anti-Toxoplasma activity of various molecular weights and concentrations of chitosan nanoparticles on tachyzoites of RH strain","volume":"13","author":"Teimouri","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. 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