{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T04:46:51Z","timestamp":1768452411708,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,17]],"date-time":"2020-02-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1581897600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Polymers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Due to their polymerization characteristics, hyper-branched dendrimers have lately shown to be promising candidates for use in dental materials. In this study, a new dental adhesive system was prepared, using a dendrimer derived from 2-isocyanatoethyl methacrylate (G-IEMA), and its adhesive properties were investigated. The exposed dentin was treated with four universal adhesives (UAs): SBU (Scotchbond Universal\u2122), FUT (Futurabond M+\u2122), AE1 (experimental adhesive with Bis-GMA) and AE2 (experimental adhesive with G-IEMA), using Etch &amp; Rinse (ER) or Self Etch (SE) protocols. Composite build-ups were prepared and stored for 24 h at 37 \u00b0C in distilled water. Composite\/dentin beams were prepared with cross-sectional areas of 1 \u00b1 0.3 mm2 and \u00b5TBS (Micro-tensile bond strength) test was performed at 0.5 mm\/min. Failures modes were evaluated by stereomicroscopy, and bonding interfaces were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Statistical analysis of \u00b5TBS data was performed using General Linear (GLM) and Linear Mixed Models (LMM). The effect of adhesive type on \u00b5TBS was significant (p = 0.010), with AE1 presenting significantly higher \u00b5TBS than SBU (p = 0.019). No other differences between adhesives were observed. ER showed significantly better results than SE (p = 0.019), and no significant interactions between the adhesives and protocols were determined. Results obtained so far pinpoint the emergence of a new paradigm in the dental materials field, as G-IEMA can be used successfully as an alternative to Bis-GMA.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/polym12020461","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,25]],"date-time":"2020-02-25T08:12:22Z","timestamp":1582618342000},"page":"461","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Dentin Bonding and SEM Analysis of a New Experimental Universal Adhesive System Containing a Dendrimer"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9158-3058","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joana","family":"Vasconcelos e Cruz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biom\u00e9dicas de Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Instituto Universit\u00e1rio Egas Moniz (IUEM), Campus Universit\u00e1rio, Quinta da Granja, Monte de Caparica, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7651-3334","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M\u00e1rio","family":"Polido","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Universit\u00e1rio Egas Moniz (IUEM), Campus Universit\u00e1rio, Quinta da Granja, Monte de Caparica, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal"},{"name":"Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Campus Universit\u00e1rio, Quinta da Granja, Monte de Caparica, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8558-6754","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Brito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Universit\u00e1rio Egas Moniz (IUEM), Campus Universit\u00e1rio, Quinta da Granja, Monte de Caparica, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal"},{"name":"Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Campus Universit\u00e1rio, Quinta da Granja, Monte de Caparica, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3654-8612","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luisa L.","family":"Gon\u00e7alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Universit\u00e1rio Egas Moniz (IUEM), Campus Universit\u00e1rio, Quinta da Granja, Monte de Caparica, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal"},{"name":"Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Campus Universit\u00e1rio, Quinta da Granja, Monte de Caparica, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1177\/154405910508400204","article-title":"A critical review of the durability of adhesion to tooth tissue: Methods and results","volume":"84","author":"Peumans","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. 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