{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]],"date-time":"2026-02-04T21:11:45Z","timestamp":1770239505216,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,25]],"date-time":"2020-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1600992000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SFRH\/BD\/52318\/2013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFRH\/BD\/52318\/2013"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IF\/00653\/2015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IF\/00653\/2015"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Associate Laboratory for Green Chemistry - LAQV (UIDB\/50006\/2020)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Associate Laboratory for Green Chemistry - LAQV (UIDB\/50006\/2020)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.mdpi.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Polymers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This work aims at understanding the influence of the production processes and materials in the properties and long term behavior of acrylic sheet, i.e., poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), a material generally considered very stable in museum collections. A comparative study was conducted in samples from cast acrylic sheets produced in the early 2000s, from which manufacturing details were known, and samples provided by the artist Lourdes Castro from acrylic sheets she had bought in the 1960s. Transparent and red opaque cast acrylic samples, containing cadmium red pigment, were used. All samples were artificially aged in a solarbox with irradiation \u03bb &gt; 300 nm for a total period of 8000 h, and alterations were followed by a multi-analytical approach which included Raman, infrared (FTIR-ATR) and UV-Vis spectroscopies; gravimetry; size exclusion chromatography (SEC); thermogravimetry (TGA); micro-indentation; colorimetry; and optical microscopy. Not all cast PMMA sheets presented similar stabilities. We have concluded that the production processes (which may include the polymerization conditions, the organic additives and the origin of the monomer) play a more important role in the properties and long-term behavior of these acrylic sheets than the presence of cadmium red and\/or the age of the material.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/polym12102198","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,25]],"date-time":"2020-09-25T09:15:23Z","timestamp":1601025323000},"page":"2198","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Characterization and Long-Term Stability of Historical PMMA: Impact of Additives and Acrylic Sheet Industrial Production Processes"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3271-5353","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara","family":"Babo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Conservation and Restoration and Research Unit LAQV-REQUIMTE, NOVA School of Sciences and Technology (FCT NOVA), 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6899-5698","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joana Lia","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Conservation and Restoration and Research Unit LAQV-REQUIMTE, NOVA School of Sciences and Technology (FCT NOVA), 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Ana Maria","family":"Ramos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Research Unit LAQV-REQUIMTE, NOVA School of Sciences and Technology (FCT NOVA), 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1073-1723","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Micheluz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Conservation Science Department, Deutsches Museum, Museumsinsel 1, 80538 Munich, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0262-3549","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marisa","family":"Pamplona","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Conservation Science Department, Deutsches Museum, Museumsinsel 1, 80538 Munich, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0893-0686","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Helena","family":"Casimiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Nuclear Sciences and Technologies (C2TN), Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico (IST), Universidade de Lisboa, 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Lu\u00eds M.","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Nuclear Sciences and Technologies (C2TN), Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico (IST), Universidade de Lisboa, 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Nuclear Sciences and Engineering (DECN), Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico (IST), Universidade de Lisboa, 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7393-6801","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Jo\u00e3o","family":"Melo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Conservation and Restoration and Research Unit LAQV-REQUIMTE, NOVA School of Sciences and Technology (FCT NOVA), 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Aftalion, F. (2001). A History of the International Chemical Industry, Chemical Heritage Press. [2nd ed.]."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"Painter, P.C., and Coleman, M.M. (2009). Essentials of Polymer Science and Engineering, DEStech Publications."},{"key":"ref_3","unstructured":"Mossman, S.T.I., and Morris, P.J.T. (1994). Versatility of acrylics, 1934\u20131980. The Development of Plastics, Royal Society of Chemistry."},{"key":"ref_4","unstructured":"Altulor, Orkem, and Techno-Nathan (1988). Le PMMA \u00c9ditions, Nathan Communication."},{"key":"ref_5","unstructured":"Restany, P. (1973). Le Plastique dans l\u2019Art, \u00c9ditions Andr\u00e9 Sauret."},{"key":"ref_6","unstructured":"Waentig, F. (2008). Plastics in Art-A Study from the Conservation Point of View, Michael Imhof Verlag."},{"key":"ref_7","unstructured":"Shashoua, Y. (2008). Conservation of Plastics\u2013Materials Science, Degradation and Preservation, Elsevier."},{"key":"ref_8","unstructured":"Quye, A., and Williamson, C. (1999). Degradation causes. Plastics-Collecting and Conserving, NMS Publishing Limited."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1016\/j.polymdegradstab.2010.01.015","article-title":"Poly (vinyl acetate) paints in works of art: A photochemical approach. Part 1","volume":"95","author":"Ferreira","year":"2010","journal-title":"Polymer Degrad. Stabil."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1016\/j.polymdegradstab.2014.02.022","article-title":"Photodegradation of celluloid used inmuseum artifacts","volume":"107","author":"Bussiere","year":"2014","journal-title":"Polymer Degrad. Stabil."},{"key":"ref_11","unstructured":"Bechthold, T. (2015). Back to the origin: Understanding the history of production and its influence on the properties of acrylic sheet. Future Talks 015\u2013Processes The Making of Design and Modern Art Materials, Technologies and Conservation Strategies, Die NeueSammlung-The Design Museum."},{"key":"ref_12","unstructured":"Ferreira, J.L. (2011). Liaisons Dangereuses, Conservation of Modern and Contemporary Art: A Study of the Synthetic Binding Media in Portugal. [Ph.D. Thesis, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa]. Available online: http:\/\/hdl.handle.net\/10362\/5342."},{"key":"ref_13","first-page":"1079","article-title":"Photolytic degradation of poly (methyl methacrylate)","volume":"1","author":"Fox","year":"1963","journal-title":"J. Polymer Sci. Part A"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/0079-6700(67)90002-0","article-title":"Photodegradation of high polymers","volume":"Volume 1","author":"Jenkins","year":"1967","journal-title":"Progress in Polymer Science"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Abouelezz, M., and Waters, P.F. (1978). Studies on the Photodegradation of Poly (Methyl Methacrylate), National Bureau of Standards. Report No.: NBSIR 78\u20131463.","DOI":"10.21236\/ADA304535"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Abouelezz, M., and Waters, P.F. (1979). Studies on the Photodegradation of Poly (Methyl Methacrylate), National Bureau of Standards. Report No.: NBSIR 79\u20131766.","DOI":"10.6028\/NBS.IR.79-1766"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1696","DOI":"10.1021\/ma60078a060","article-title":"Characterization of a dissociative excited state in the solid state: Photochemistry of poly (methyl methacrylate). Photochemical processes in polymeric systems","volume":"13","author":"Gupta","year":"1980","journal-title":"Macromolecules"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1023","DOI":"10.1002\/app.1990.070410513","article-title":"Photodegradation of poly (methyl methacrylate) by monochromatic light: Quantum yield, effect of wavelengths, and light intensity","volume":"41","author":"Torikai","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Appl. Polym. Sci."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-3057(91)90148-H","article-title":"Mecanismes de photo-oxydation du poly(methacrylate de methyle)","volume":"27","author":"Siampiringue","year":"1991","journal-title":"Eur. Polym. J."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1027","DOI":"10.1002\/app.1993.070470609","article-title":"Wavelength sensitivity of the photodegradation of poly (methyl methacrylate)","volume":"47","author":"Mitsuoka","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Appl. Polym. Sci."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rabek, J.F. (1995). Polymer Photodegradation: Mechanisms and Experimental Methods, Chapman & Hall.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-011-1274-1"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/S0141-3910(99)00048-8","article-title":"Photodegradation of acrylic resins used in the conservation of stone","volume":"66","author":"Melo","year":"1999","journal-title":"Polym. Degrad. Stabil."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-3057(99)00125-1","article-title":"Photooxidative degradation of poly (alkyl methacrylate)s","volume":"36","author":"Kaczmarek","year":"2000","journal-title":"Eur. Polym. J."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1657","DOI":"10.1016\/S0032-3861(99)00349-3","article-title":"Photooxidative degradation of acrylic and methacrylic polymers","volume":"41","author":"Chiantore","year":"2000","journal-title":"Polymer"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1016\/S0141-3910(03)00037-5","article-title":"Correlating natural ageing and Xenon irradiation of Paraloid B72 applied on stone","volume":"80","author":"Bracci","year":"2003","journal-title":"Polym. Degrad. Stabil."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1021\/ba-1996-0249.ch035","article-title":"Mechanisms of Photooxidation of Polyolefins: Prediction of Lifetime in Weathering Conditions","volume":"Volume 249","author":"Lemaire","year":"1996","journal-title":"Polymer Durability (Advances in Chemistry)"},{"key":"ref_27","unstructured":"Davis, A., and Sims, D. (1983). Weathering of Polymers, Elsevier Applied Science Publishers."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"706","DOI":"10.1016\/0032-3861(84)90041-7","article-title":"Thermal and photolytic degradation of plates of poly (methyl methacrylate) containing monomer","volume":"25","author":"Dickens","year":"1984","journal-title":"Polymer"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.solmat.2017.03.031","article-title":"An end of service life assessment of PMMA lenses from veteran concentrator photovoltaic systems","volume":"167","author":"Miller","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells"},{"key":"#cr-split#-ref_30.1","unstructured":"Bridgland, J. (2012). The shadows by Lourdes Castro: A conservation study of PMMA in the 21st century. Proceedings of the Preprints of the ICOM-CC 16th Triennial Conference"},{"key":"#cr-split#-ref_30.2","unstructured":"Paper 1005, Lisbon, Portugal, 19-23 September 2012, ICOM."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1016\/0141-3910(94)90095-7","article-title":"Photofading and light stability of dyed and pigmented polymers","volume":"44","author":"Allen","year":"1994","journal-title":"Polymer Degrad. Stabil."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Charvat, R.A. (2004). Coloring of Plastics, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. [2nd ed.].","DOI":"10.1002\/0471721581"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Buxbaum, G., and Pfaff, G. (2005). Industrial Inorganic Pigments, Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co KGaA. [3rd ed.].","DOI":"10.1002\/3527603735"},{"key":"ref_34","unstructured":"Eastaugh, N., Walsh, V., Chaplin, T., and Siddall, R. (2004). Pigment Compendium\u2013A Dictionary and Optical Microscopy of Historical Pigments, Elsevier Butterworth-Heinemann."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105004","DOI":"10.1016\/j.microc.2020.105004","article-title":"The multi-analytical in situ analysis of cadmium-based pigments in plastics","volume":"157","author":"Angelin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Microchem. J."},{"key":"ref_36","first-page":"288","article-title":"Polymers, polymethyl methacrylates","volume":"Volume 40","author":"McKetta","year":"1992","journal-title":"Encyclopedia of Chemical Processing and Design"},{"key":"ref_37","first-page":"271","article-title":"Methacrylic ester polymers","volume":"Volume 16","author":"Seidel","year":"2004","journal-title":"Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology"},{"key":"ref_38","first-page":"473","article-title":"Polymethacrylates","volume":"Volume A21","author":"Wolfgang","year":"1992","journal-title":"Ulmann\u2019s Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry"},{"key":"ref_39","unstructured":"Rossetti, C., Haberl, R., and Rostero, S.A. (1967). Polymerisationsverfahren. (4,357,44), Swiss Patent."},{"key":"ref_40","unstructured":"Rosseti, C., and Rostero, S.A. (1970). Method of Polymerizing Monomeric Material into Cast Polymer Sheets and the Apparatus for the Casting of Said Polymeric Sheets. (3,551,541), U.S. Patent."},{"key":"ref_41","unstructured":"Rosseti, C., and Rostero, S.A. (1973). Apparatus for the Production of Cast Polymer Sheets. (3,718,182), U.S. Patent."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-2370(00)00171-6","article-title":"Pyrolysis of filled PMMA for monomer recovery","volume":"58\u201359","author":"Kaminsky","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Anal. Appl. Pyrol."},{"key":"ref_43","first-page":"777","article-title":"Chemical recycling of polymer materials","volume":"21","author":"Sasse","year":"1998","journal-title":"ChemEng Technol."},{"key":"ref_44","unstructured":"Brandrup, J., Bittner, M., Michaeli, W., and Menges, M. (1995). Depolymerization of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). Recycling and Recovery of Plastics, Hanser Publishers, Hanser\/Gardner Publications."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2564","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eurpolymj.2007.02.044","article-title":"Chemical recycling of poly(methyl methacrylate) by pyrolysis. Potential use of the liquid fraction as a raw material for the reproduction of the polymer","volume":"43","author":"Achilias","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur. Polym. J."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1012","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2018.10.116","article-title":"Depolymerization of waste poly (methyl methacrylate) scraps and purification of depolymerized products","volume":"231","author":"Godiya","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Environ. Manag."},{"key":"ref_47","unstructured":"Castro, L., and Zimbro, M. (1992). Lourdes Castro Al\u00e9m da Sombra, CAM-FCG."},{"key":"ref_48","first-page":"3","article-title":"Le Plexiglas (Altuglas)","volume":"1914","author":"Leclerc","year":"1961","journal-title":"Jeunes Courr. Quinz. J. Patronage"},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schanda, J. (2007). Colorimetry: Understanding the CIE System, John Wiley& Sons, Inc.","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470175637"},{"key":"ref_50","unstructured":"Michel, J.-M. (2020, September 03). Le Polymethacrylate de Methyle. Contribution \u00e0 l\u2019Histoire Industrielle des Polym\u00e8res en France par Jean-Marie Michel, Available online: http:\/\/www.societechimiquedefrance.fr\/IMG\/pdf\/b_6_200_000.vfx2_sav.pdf."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1016\/0032-3861(69)90101-3","article-title":"The laser-Raman and infra-red spectra of poly (methyl methacrylate)","volume":"10","author":"Willis","year":"1969","journal-title":"Polymer"},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1080\/03602558208067727","article-title":"The vibrational spectrum of poly (methyl methacrylate): A review","volume":"19","author":"Lipschitz","year":"1982","journal-title":"Polym. Plast. Technol. Eng."},{"key":"ref_53","unstructured":"Munn, G.E., and E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Company (1964). Methacrylate Sirups and their Preparation, and Preparation of Reinforced Plastic Articles Employing Same. (3,154,600), U.S. Patent."},{"key":"ref_54","unstructured":"Visser, E., and Atohaas, C.V. (1998). Thermoformable Acrylic Resin Sheet. (5,851,606), U.S. Patent."},{"key":"ref_55","unstructured":"Hsu, S.L. (1999). Poly (methyl methacrylate). Polymer Data Handbook, Oxford University Press."},{"key":"ref_56","unstructured":"Vajen, K. (September, January 28). Reliability of PMMA for CPV lens applications. Proceedings of the ISES Solar World Congress 2011. International Solar Energy Society, Kassel, Germany. Available online: http:\/\/proceedings.ises.org\/?doi=swc.2011.03.04."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pritchard, G. (1998). Plasticizers. Plastics Additives, an A\u2013Z Reference, Chapman & Hall.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-011-5862-6"},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.optmat.2017.05.009","article-title":"Effect of the different chain transfer agents on molecular weight and optical properties of poly (methyl methacrylate)","volume":"70","author":"Demirci","year":"2017","journal-title":"Opt. Mater."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1016\/S0141-3910(02)00100-3","article-title":"The effect of polymerisation conditions on the kinetics and mechanisms of thermal degradation of PMMA","volume":"77","author":"Holland","year":"2002","journal-title":"Polym. Degrad. Stabil."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1410","DOI":"10.1021\/ma00149a010","article-title":"Thermal and oxidative degradation of poly (methyl methacrylate): Weight loss","volume":"18","author":"Hirata","year":"1985","journal-title":"Macromolecules"},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2160","DOI":"10.1021\/ma00162a010","article-title":"Effects of weak linkages on the thermal and oxidative degradation of poly (methyl methacrylates)","volume":"19","author":"Kashiwagi","year":"1986","journal-title":"Macromolecules"},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2673","DOI":"10.1021\/ma00196a024","article-title":"Thermal degradation of poly (methyl methacrylate). 2. Vinyl-terminated polymer","volume":"22","author":"Manring","year":"1989","journal-title":"Macromolecules"},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/S0141-3910(02)00291-4","article-title":"Thermal degradation of polyb (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA): Modelling of DTG and TG curves","volume":"79","author":"Ferriol","year":"2003","journal-title":"Polym. Degrad. Stabil."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1387","DOI":"10.1007\/s10973-013-3446-z","article-title":"Thermogravimetric analysis of thermal stability of poly (methyl methacrylate) films modified with photoinitiators","volume":"115","author":"Kowalonek","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Therm. Anal. Calorim."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1590\/0104-1428.1588","article-title":"The effect of di-(-2-ethyl hexyl) phthalate (DEHP) as plasticizer on the thermal and mechanical properties of PVC\/PMMA blends","volume":"24","author":"Aouachria","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pol\u00edmeros"},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00254268","article-title":"The use of model compounds in interpreting the thermal degradation of poly (methy methacrylate)","volume":"11","author":"Cacioli","year":"1984","journal-title":"Polym. Bull."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1007\/s10973-012-2869-2","article-title":"Thermal analysis of the interaction of inorganic pigments with p(nBA\/MMA) acrylic emulsion before and after UV ageing","volume":"114","author":"Pintus","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Therm. Anal. Calorim."},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/0144-2880(83)90042-8","article-title":"Influence of pigments on the light stability of polymers: A critical review","volume":"3","author":"Klemchuk","year":"1983","journal-title":"Polym. Photochem."},{"key":"ref_69","first-page":"383","article-title":"Colour difference \u2206E-A survey","volume":"20","author":"Mokrzycki","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mach. Graph. Vis."},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1016\/j.polymdegradstab.2017.08.028","article-title":"Shedding new light on polyurethane degradation: Assessing foams condition in design objects","volume":"144","author":"Ferreira","year":"2017","journal-title":"Polym. Degrad. Stabil."},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1007\/s11249-010-9732-z","article-title":"Nano-mechanical properties of modified poly (methyl methacrylate) films studied by atomic force microscopy","volume":"41","author":"Kaczmarek","year":"2011","journal-title":"Tribol. Lett."}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.3390\/polym13234105","type":"correction","label":"Correction","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,25]],"date-time":"2020-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1600992000000}}],"container-title":["Polymers"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2073-4360\/12\/10\/2198\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,3]],"date-time":"2025-08-03T14:00:41Z","timestamp":1754229641000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2073-4360\/12\/10\/2198"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,25]]},"references-count":72,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]}},"alternative-id":["polym12102198"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/polym12102198","relation":{"correction":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3390\/polym13234105","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["2073-4360"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2073-4360","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,25]]}}}