{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,2]],"date-time":"2026-01-02T07:38:32Z","timestamp":1767339512732,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625097600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"COMPETE2020\/FEDER","award":["POCI-01-0247-FEDER-017875"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["POCI-01-0247-FEDER-017875"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SFRH\/BD\/130203\/2017","FCT-UIDB\/04028\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFRH\/BD\/130203\/2017","FCT-UIDB\/04028\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Polymers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Environmental surface contamination with microorganisms is a serious concern worldwide. Triclosan and isoborneol present good antimicrobial activity. Their immobilisation to paint substrates allows for development of a material that stays effective over a longer time. In this work, we disclosed the preliminary studies to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the active molecule after being functionalised with isocyanates for further immobilisation on the paint substrate. Overall, the newly developed non-release antimicrobial coating provides an effective way of preventing the spread of diseases and has been proven to inhibit bacterial growth and with a considerable antimicrobial activity towards S. aureus, E. coli, and K. variicola at the tested concentrations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/polym13132197","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T12:03:27Z","timestamp":1625141007000},"page":"2197","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Auto-Disinfectant Acrylic Paints Functionalised with Triclosan and Isoborneol\u2014Antibacterial Assessment"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0285-6972","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Micaela","family":"Machado Querido","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Environmental Health Department, National Institute of Health, 4000-055 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"EPIUnit, Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, 4099-002 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), 4050-600 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Instituto Ci\u00eancias Biom\u00e9dicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, 4099-002 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0078-2180","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ivo","family":"Paulo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CERENA\u2014Centre for Natural Resources and the Environment, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Sriram","family":"Hariharakrishnan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CERENA\u2014Centre for Natural Resources and the Environment, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0437-8265","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Rocha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Barbot, 4410-295 Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2146-1223","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristiana Costa","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Environmental Health Department, National Institute of Health, 4000-055 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"EPIUnit, Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, 4099-002 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), 4050-600 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2535-4537","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nuno","family":"Barbosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Barbot, 4410-295 Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o Moura","family":"Bordado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CERENA\u2014Centre for Natural Resources and the Environment, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8693-5250","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o Paulo","family":"Teixeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Environmental Health Department, National Institute of Health, 4000-055 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"EPIUnit, Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, 4099-002 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), 4050-600 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6738-0672","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rui","family":"Galhano dos Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CERENA\u2014Centre for Natural Resources and the Environment, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2015.10.027","article-title":"Recovery of resistant bacteria from mattresses of patients under contact precautions","volume":"44","author":"Viana","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am. J. Infect. Control"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2017.10.005","article-title":"Characterization of microbial community composition, antimicrobial resistance and biofilm on intensive care surfaces","volume":"11","author":"Johani","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Infect. Public Health"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1177\/1059840509354383","article-title":"Occurrence of bacteria and viruses on elementary classroom surfaces and the potential role of classroom hygiene in the spread of infectious diseases","volume":"26","author":"Bright","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Sch. Nurs."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12544","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph111212544","article-title":"Diversity of bacterial communities of fitness center surfaces in a U.S. metropolitan area","volume":"11","author":"Mukherjee","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health"},{"key":"ref_5","first-page":"8","article-title":"Sanitary status and incidence of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus and Clostridium difficile within Canadian hotel rooms","volume":"77","author":"Xu","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Environ. Health"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1472-765X.2009.02728.x","article-title":"Bacterial contamination on touch surfaces in the public transport system and in public areas of a hospital in London","volume":"49","author":"Otter","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lett. Appl. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"912","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2013.01.015","article-title":"Microbial contamination of hospital reusable cleaning towels","volume":"41","author":"Sifuentes","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am. J. Infect. Control"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2019.02.009","article-title":"Self-disinfecting surfaces and infection control","volume":"178","author":"Querido","year":"2019","journal-title":"Colloids Surf. B"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1080\/10590501.2010.504978","article-title":"Occurrence, efficacy, metabolism, and toxicity of triclosan","volume":"28","author":"Fang","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Environ. Sci. Health Part C Environ. Carcinog. Ecotoxicol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1080\/10937404.2017.1399306","article-title":"Triclosan exposure, transformation, and human health effects","volume":"20","author":"Weatherly","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Toxicol. Environ. Health Part B"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2011.07.027","article-title":"Preparation of active antimicrobial LDPE surface through multistep physicochemical approach: I. Allylamine grafting, attachment of antimicrobial agent and antimicrobial activity assessment","volume":"88","year":"2011","journal-title":"Colloids Surf. B"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/49.1.87","article-title":"The antimicrobial activity of triclosan-impregnated storage boxes against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus cereus and Shewanella putrefaciens in conditions simulating domestic use","volume":"49","author":"Braid","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1132","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2672.2006.02811.x","article-title":"Effects of chronic triclosan exposure upon the antimicrobial susceptibility of 40 ex-situ environmental and human isolates","volume":"100","author":"Ledder","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Appl. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1670","DOI":"10.4315\/0362-028X.JFP-17-088","article-title":"Removal of Escherichia coli and enterococcus faecalis after hand washing with antimicrobial and nonantimicrobial soap and persistence of these bacteria in rinsates","volume":"80","author":"Garcia","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Food Prot."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dki447","article-title":"Effect of triclosan on the development of bacterial biofilms by urinary tract pathogens on urinary catheters","volume":"57","author":"Jones","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10610","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-46998-9","article-title":"Molecular epidemiology of Klebsiella variicola obtained from different sources","volume":"9","author":"Rojas","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-3542(99)00036-4","article-title":"Antiviral properties of isoborneol, a potent inhibitor of herpes simplex virus type 1","volume":"43","author":"Armaka","year":"1999","journal-title":"Antiviral Res."},{"key":"ref_18","first-page":"523","article-title":"Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of three essential oils from curcuma wenyujin","volume":"8","author":"Zhu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Prod. Commun."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112652","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2020.112652","article-title":"Metabolomics analysis to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the essential oil from the leaves of Cinnamomum camphora (Linn.) Presl","volume":"253","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S155","DOI":"10.3166\/phyto-2019-0150","article-title":"Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of essential oils of three medicinal plants from algerian semi-arid climatic zone","volume":"16","author":"Mehalaine","year":"2018","journal-title":"Phytotherapie"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2499","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.10.010","article-title":"Eco-friendly non-biocide-release coatings for marine biofouling prevention","volume":"650","author":"Silva","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"ref_22","unstructured":"(2011). ISO Measurement of Antimicrobial Activity on Plastics and Other Non-Porous Surfaces, ISO. Norma ISO 22196."},{"key":"ref_23","unstructured":"(2012). JIS Z 2801:2012 Antimicrobial products-Test for antimicrobial activity and efficacy. Jpn. Ind. Stand., 2801, 9."},{"key":"ref_24","unstructured":"Silva, E.R., Ferreira, O., and Bordado, J.C.M. (2016). Functionalization Process for Biocide Immobilisation in Polymer Matrices. (2016\/093719A1), WO Patent."}],"container-title":["Polymers"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2073-4360\/13\/13\/2197\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T06:24:38Z","timestamp":1760163878000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2073-4360\/13\/13\/2197"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"13","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]}},"alternative-id":["polym13132197"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/polym13132197","relation":{},"ISSN":["2073-4360"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2073-4360"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]]}}}