{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,31]],"date-time":"2025-12-31T18:42:50Z","timestamp":1767206570821,"version":"build-2238731810"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,31]],"date-time":"2021-07-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1627689600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SFRH\/BD\/144910\/2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFRH\/BD\/144910\/2019"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.mdpi.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Polymers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The aim of our study was to apply a biomimetic approach, inspired by the Ammophila arenaria. This organism possesses a reversible leaf opening and closing mechanism that responds to water and salt stress (hydronastic movement). We adopted a problem-based biomimetic methodology in three stages: (i) two observation studies; (ii) how to abstract and develop a parametric model to simulate the leaf movement; and (iii) experiments with bimetal, a smart material that curls up when heated. We added creases to the bimetal active layer in analogy to the position of bulliform cells. These cells determine the leaf-closing pattern. The experiments demonstrated that creases influence and can change the direction of the bimetal natural movement. Thus, it is possible to replicate the Ammophila arenaria leaf-rolling mechanism in response to temperature variation and solar radiation in the bimetal. In future works, we will be able to propose responsive facade solutions based on these results.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/polym13152554","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,1]],"date-time":"2021-08-01T21:44:32Z","timestamp":1627854272000},"page":"2554","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["The Adaptive Power of Ammophila arenaria: Biomimetic Study, Systematic Observation, Parametric Design and Experimental Tests with Bimetal"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8251-2522","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tarciana","family":"Andrade","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o em Arquitetura, Urbanismo e Design (CIAUD), Faculdade de Arquitetura, Universidade de Lisboa, 1349-063 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4743-6082","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Beir\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o em Arquitetura, Urbanismo e Design (CIAUD), Faculdade de Arquitetura, Universidade de Lisboa, 1349-063 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Amilton","family":"Arruda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Design (PPGDesign), Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife 290, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3100-463X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristina","family":"Cruz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plant Biology, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias da Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Arruda, A. 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