{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T01:27:18Z","timestamp":1760232438562,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,5]],"date-time":"2022-11-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667606400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia","award":["UID\/Multi\/04044\/2013","PAMI-ROTEIRO\/0328\/2013","Add.Additive-POCI-01-0247-FEDER-024533","POCI-01-0145-FEDER-03243"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UID\/Multi\/04044\/2013","PAMI-ROTEIRO\/0328\/2013","Add.Additive-POCI-01-0247-FEDER-024533","POCI-01-0145-FEDER-03243"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Polymers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In this study, we describe the design and fabrication of an industrial injection moulding system that can be mounted and used on the NCD-SWEET small-angle X-ray scattering beamline at ALBA. We show how highly useful time-resolved data can be obtained using this system. We are able to evaluate the fraction of the material in the mould cavity and identify the first material to solidify and how this varies with the injection temperature. The design follows current industrial practice and provides opportunities to collect time-resolved data at several points within the mould cavity so that we can build up a 4D perspective of the morphology and its temporal development. The quantitative data obtained will prove invaluable for the optimisation of the next generation of injection moulding techniques. This preliminary work used results from the injection moulding of a general-purpose isotactic polypropylene.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/polym14214745","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,7]],"date-time":"2022-11-07T03:02:22Z","timestamp":1667790142000},"page":"4745","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Evaluating the Injection Moulding of Plastic Parts Using In Situ Time-Resolved Small-Angle X-ray Scattering Techniques"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4280-6590","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andr\u00e9 A.","family":"Costa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Rapid and Sustainable Product Development, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2430-080 Leiria, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5562-2809","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"F\u00e1bio","family":"Gameiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Rapid and Sustainable Product Development, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2430-080 Leiria, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Artur","family":"Pot\u00eancio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Rapid and Sustainable Product Development, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2430-080 Leiria, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7431-3275","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel P. da","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Rapid and Sustainable Product Development, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2430-080 Leiria, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4698-3650","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro","family":"Carreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Rapid and Sustainable Product Development, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2430-080 Leiria, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2411-5446","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan Carlos","family":"Martinez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NCD-SWEET Beamline, Alba Synchrotron Light Source, Cerdanyola del Vall\u00e8s, 08290 Barcelona, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1474-9496","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paula","family":"Pascoal-Faria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Rapid and Sustainable Product Development, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2430-080 Leiria, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Artur","family":"Mateus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Rapid and Sustainable Product Development, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2430-080 Leiria, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7977-7610","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Geoffrey R.","family":"Mitchell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Rapid and Sustainable Product Development, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2430-080 Leiria, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"4540","article-title":"Recent methods for optimization of plastic injection molding process\u2014A retrospective and literature review","volume":"2","author":"Bharti","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int. 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