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This study aimed to investigate the production of bioethanol from subcritical water (subW) pretreated BSG, following the conversion of the BSG biopolymers cellulose and hemicelluloses. The subW pretreatment was performed in a batch reactor at 174 \u00b0C, during 60 min and 5% (w\/v) of dry BSG charge. The behavior of BSG biopolymers under subW pretreatment was monitored by evaluating the chemical composition of the liquid and solid streams and the chemical and structural changes caused in the solid residues by scanning electron microscope (SEM), CHNS elemental analysis and water retention value (WRV). The production of bioethanol from subW-pretreated BSG was assessed by separate hydrolysis and fermentation (SHF) and also by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) by using the enzymatic cocktail Celluclast 1.5 L (40 FPU\/gsolids) and the yeast Ethanol Red\u00ae. The higher bioethanol productivity (1.073 g\u2219L\u22121\u2219h\u22121) and concentration (32.18 g\/L) were achieved by SSF with higher solids\u2019 loading (25%) and following a fed-batch strategy. These results suggest that subcritical water pretreatment is a promising technology for the valorization of BSG as a feedstock for second-generation bioethanol production.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/polym14235218","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,30]],"date-time":"2022-11-30T05:45:22Z","timestamp":1669787122000},"page":"5218","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Subcritical Water as Pretreatment Technique for Bioethanol Production from Brewer\u2019s Spent Grain within a Biorefinery Concept"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4765-5859","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patricia","family":"Alonso-Ria\u00f1o","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, University of Burgos, Plaza Misael Ba\u00f1uelos s\/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain"}]},{"given":"Mariana S. T.","family":"Am\u00e2ndio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chemistry Department, CICECO\u2014Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering CIEPQPF, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7339-7019","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana M. R. B.","family":"Xavier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chemistry Department, CICECO\u2014Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2559-3925","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sagrario","family":"Beltr\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, University of Burgos, Plaza Misael Ba\u00f1uelos s\/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1799-3099","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Teresa","family":"Sanz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, University of Burgos, Plaza Misael Ba\u00f1uelos s\/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122847","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2020.122847","article-title":"Innovation and Strategic Orientations for the Development of Advanced Biorefineries","volume":"302","author":"Dragone","year":"2020","journal-title":"Bioresour. 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