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(OC) defects affect both articular cartilage and the underlying subchondral bone. Due to limitations in the cartilage tissue\u2019s self-healing capabilities, OC defects exhibit a degenerative progression to which current therapies have not yet found a suitable long-term solution. Tissue engineering (TE) strategies aim to fabricate tissue substitutes that recreate natural tissue features to offer better alternatives to the existing inefficient treatments. Scaffold design is a key element in providing appropriate structures for tissue growth and maturation. This study presents a novel method for designing scaffolds with a mathematically defined curvature, based on the geometry of a sphere, to obtain TE constructs mimicking native OC tissue shape. The lower the designed radius, the more curved the scaffold obtained. The printability of the scaffolds using fused filament fabrication (FFF) was evaluated. For the case-study scaffold size (20.1 mm \u00d7 20.1 mm projected dimensions), a limit sphere radius of 17.064 mm was determined to ensure printability feasibility, as confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and micro-computed tomography (\u03bc-CT) analysis. The FFF method proved suitable to reproduce the curved designs, showing good shape fidelity and replicating the expected variation in porosity. Additionally, the mechanical behavior was evaluated experimentally and by numerical modelling. Experimentally, curved scaffolds showed strength comparable to conventional orthogonal scaffolds, and finite element analysis was used to identify the scaffold regions more susceptible to higher loads.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/polym15092129","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,1]],"date-time":"2023-05-01T12:08:31Z","timestamp":1682942911000},"page":"2129","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["A Novel Approach for Design and Manufacturing of Curvature-Featuring Scaffolds for Osteochondral Repair"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Pedro","family":"Marcelino","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioengineering and iBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"Associate Laboratory i4HB\u2014Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"CDRSP-Centre for Rapid and Sustainable Product Development, Polytechnic of Leiria, Rua de Portugal-Zona Industrial, 2430-028 Marinha Grande, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4773-6771","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o Carlos","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioengineering and iBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"Associate Laboratory i4HB\u2014Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"CDRSP-Centre for Rapid and Sustainable Product Development, Polytechnic of Leiria, Rua de Portugal-Zona Industrial, 2430-028 Marinha Grande, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Carla S.","family":"Moura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CDRSP-Centre for Rapid and Sustainable Product Development, Polytechnic of Leiria, Rua de Portugal-Zona Industrial, 2430-028 Marinha Grande, Portugal"},{"name":"Associate Laboratory for Advanced Production and Intelligent Systems (ARISE), 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Applied Research Institute, Rua da Miseric\u00f3rdia, Lagar dos Corti\u00e7os\u2014S. Martinho do Bispo, 3045-093 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6920-7152","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Meneses","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CDRSP-Centre for Rapid and Sustainable Product Development, Polytechnic of Leiria, Rua de Portugal-Zona Industrial, 2430-028 Marinha Grande, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Rachel","family":"Cordeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CDRSP-Centre for Rapid and Sustainable Product Development, Polytechnic of Leiria, Rua de Portugal-Zona Industrial, 2430-028 Marinha Grande, Portugal"},{"name":"Veterinary Clinics Department, Abel Salazar Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5016-0868","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nuno","family":"Alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CDRSP-Centre for Rapid and Sustainable Product Development, Polytechnic of Leiria, Rua de Portugal-Zona Industrial, 2430-028 Marinha Grande, Portugal"},{"name":"Associate Laboratory for Advanced Production and Intelligent Systems (ARISE), 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Technology and Management, Polytechnic of Leiria, Morro do Lena\u2014Alto do Vieiro, Apartado 4163, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1474-9496","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paula","family":"Pascoal-Faria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CDRSP-Centre for Rapid and Sustainable Product Development, Polytechnic of Leiria, Rua de Portugal-Zona Industrial, 2430-028 Marinha Grande, Portugal"},{"name":"Associate Laboratory for Advanced Production and Intelligent Systems (ARISE), 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Mathematics, School of Technology and Management, Polytechnic of Leiria, Morro do Lena\u2014Alto do Vieiro, Apartado 4163, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5177-6237","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Frederico Castelo","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioengineering and iBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"Associate Laboratory i4HB\u2014Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2016.148","article-title":"Changes in the Osteochondral Unit during Osteoarthritis: Structure, Function and Cartilage\u2013Bone Crosstalk","volume":"12","author":"Goldring","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Rheumatol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csm.2017.02.001","article-title":"Basic Science of Articular Cartilage","volume":"36","author":"Carballo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin. 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