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In this work, we produced polycaprolactone (PCL) electrospun fibrous membranes with expanded pores by incorporating chitosan (CS) granules into the PCL solution. Scanning electron microscopy images confirmed the presence of the CS granules embedded in the PCL fibers, creating an open structure. Tensile testing results showed that the addition of CS decreased both Young\u2019s modulus and the yield stress, but co-electrospun membranes (PCL fibers blended with CS-containing PCL fibers) exhibited higher values compared to single electrospun membranes (CS-containing PCL fibers). Human fibroblasts adhered to and proliferated on all scaffolds. Nuclear staining revealed that cells populated the entire scaffold when CS granules were present, while in PCL membranes, cells were mostly limited to the surface due to the small pore size. Overall, our findings demonstrate that electrospun membranes containing CS granules have sufficiently large pores to facilitate fibroblast infiltration without compromising the mechanical stability of the structure.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/polym16040527","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,15]],"date-time":"2024-02-15T08:29:37Z","timestamp":1707985777000},"page":"527","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Electrospun Polycaprolactone Membranes Expanded with Chitosan Granules for Cell Infiltration"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"T\u00e2nia","family":"Vieira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o de Materiais, Institute for Nanostructures, Nanomodelling and Nanofabrication, CENIMAT-I3N, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"},{"name":"Departamento de F\u00edsica, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Ana Margarida","family":"Rebelo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de F\u00edsica, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3996-6545","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o Paulo","family":"Borges","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o de Materiais, Institute for Nanostructures, Nanomodelling and Nanofabrication, CENIMAT-I3N, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"},{"name":"Departamento de Ci\u00eancia dos Materiais, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}]},{"given":"C\u00e9lia","family":"Henriques","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o de Materiais, Institute for Nanostructures, Nanomodelling and Nanofabrication, CENIMAT-I3N, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"},{"name":"Departamento de F\u00edsica, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9959-4272","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jorge Carvalho","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o de Materiais, Institute for Nanostructures, Nanomodelling and Nanofabrication, CENIMAT-I3N, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"},{"name":"Departamento de F\u00edsica, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vig, K., Chaudhari, A., Tripathi, S., Dixit, S., Sahu, R., Pillai, S., Dennis, V.A., and Singh, S.R. 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