{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]],"date-time":"2025-12-19T10:12:38Z","timestamp":1766139158431,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,22]],"date-time":"2025-04-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745280000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Polymers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Production Planning and Control is directly involved with production activities in the polymer packaging industry, aiming to produce more with fewer resources. This reduces polymer scrap, generating positive results in economic and environmental terms. The importance of reducing polymer waste during the extrusion process and the use of theoretical models and simulation tools, along with recycling and reprocessing practices, emerges as an effective strategy to improve production and minimize environmental impacts. This study aims to evaluate the economic and environmental gains of adopting activities\/tools used in production planning and control in the polymer packaging industry. The research method adopted was a case study conducted through semi-structured interviews. It was concluded that polymer scrap in the production system was reduced through actions taken by production planning and control, contributing to the micro-level circular economy, generating significant economic and environmental gains.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/polym17091131","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,22]],"date-time":"2025-04-22T03:17:32Z","timestamp":1745291852000},"page":"1131","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Eco-Efficiency in the Polymeric Packaging Sector: Production Planning and Control Strategies for Economic and Environmental Gains"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Itamar","family":"Costa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Industrial Engineering Post Graduation Program, Federal University of ABC, S\u00e3o Bernardo do Campo, S\u00e3o Paulo 09606-045, SP, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4744-3963","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Geraldo Cardoso","family":"de Oliveira Neto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Industrial Engineering Post Graduation Program, Federal University of ABC, S\u00e3o Bernardo do Campo, S\u00e3o Paulo 09606-045, SP, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-6724-012X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rodrigo Neri Bueno","family":"da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Industrial Engineering Post Graduation Program, Federal University of ABC, S\u00e3o Bernardo do Campo, S\u00e3o Paulo 09606-045, SP, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Sergio Ricardo","family":"Louren\u00e7o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Industrial Engineering Post Graduation Program, Federal University of ABC, S\u00e3o Bernardo do Campo, S\u00e3o Paulo 09606-045, SP, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Leonardo Ribeiro","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Industrial Engineering Post Graduation Program, Federal University of ABC, S\u00e3o Bernardo do Campo, S\u00e3o Paulo 09606-045, SP, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0901-0614","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marlene","family":"Amorim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Economics, Management, Industrial Engineering and Tourism (DEGEIT) and GOVCOPP, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Vollmann, T.E., Berry, W.L., and Whybark, C. (2006). Manufacturing Planning and Control Systems, Irwin. [4th ed.]."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1303","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2009.05.001","article-title":"The impact of Six Sigma in the performance of a pollution prevention program","volume":"17","author":"Calia","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Clean. Prod."},{"key":"ref_3","first-page":"181","article-title":"Analysis of interactions among barriers of eco-efficiency in electronics packaging industry","volume":"15","author":"Ravi","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Clean. Prod."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1080\/09537287.2015.1089605","article-title":"Production planning and control as a tool for eco-efficency improvement and environmental impact reduction","volume":"27","author":"Lucato","year":"2016","journal-title":"Prod. Plan. Control"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hyv\u00e4rinen, M., Jabeen, R., and K\u00e4rki, T. (2020). The modelling of extrusion processes for polymers\u2014A review. Polymers, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/polym12061306"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1177\/8756087902034639","article-title":"The effect of extrusion processing conditions and poly-isobutylene concentration on the properties of polyethylene for stretch and cling film applications","volume":"18","author":"Small","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Plast. Film Sheeting"},{"key":"ref_7","unstructured":"Gregory, B.H. (2009). Polyethylene Film Extrusi\u00f3n: A Process Manual, Trafford Publishing."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.3390\/su2010117","article-title":"Eco-efficiency assessments as a tool for revealing the environmental improvement potential of new regulations","volume":"2","author":"Michelsen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"key":"ref_9","unstructured":"WBCSD\u2014World Business Council for Sustainable Development (2000). Measuring Eco-Efficiency: A Guide to Reporting Company Performance, WBCSD."},{"key":"ref_10","first-page":"281","article-title":"Exploring the impact of stakeholder pressure on environmental management strategies at the level: What does industry have to do with it?","volume":"11","author":"Betts","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Clean. Prod."},{"key":"ref_11","first-page":"170","article-title":"Environmental management strategies and their determinant factors: An institutional analysis","volume":"50","author":"Alperstedt","year":"2010","journal-title":"Bus. Manag. Rev."},{"key":"ref_12","unstructured":"Oliveira Neto, G.C. (2012). Clean Production: Incremental Change and Tendencies for Productive Systems. [Ph.D. Dissertation, Industrial Engineering, Universidade Paulista]."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2011.09.003","article-title":"Environmental management in Brazil: Is it a completely competitive priority?","volume":"21","author":"Jabbour","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Clean. Prod."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"526","DOI":"10.1080\/09537287.2020.1743890","article-title":"How does the use of PPC tools\/activities improve eco-efficiency? A systematic literature review","volume":"32","author":"Costa","year":"2020","journal-title":"Prod. Plan. Control."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1108\/01443579410066767","article-title":"Operations planning issues in an assembly\/disassembly environment","volume":"14","author":"Brennan","year":"1994","journal-title":"Int. J. Oper. Prod. Manag."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cannata, A., and Taisch, M. (2010). Introducing energy performances in production management: Towards energy-efficient manufacturing. APMS 2009\u2014Advances in Production Management Systems, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-16358-6_22"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpe.2012.01.036","article-title":"Steps towards sustainable manufacturing through modeling material, energy, and waste flows","volume":"140","author":"Smith","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Prod. Econ."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cirp.2012.03.061","article-title":"A method for determining a functional unit to measure environmental performance in manufacturing systems","volume":"61","author":"Plehn","year":"2012","journal-title":"CIRP Ann.-Manuf. Technol."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1080\/095372800232397","article-title":"Modelling end-of-life product recovery chains\u2014A case study","volume":"11","author":"Goggin","year":"2000","journal-title":"Prod. Plan. Control"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1080\/09537281003769980","article-title":"Knowledge-enriched shop floor control in end-of-life business","volume":"22","author":"Cao","year":"2011","journal-title":"Prod. Plan. Control"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/10286600701197841","article-title":"Evaluation of environmentally benign production program in the textile-dyeing industry (II): A multi-objective programming approach","volume":"25","author":"Wu","year":"2008","journal-title":"Civ. Eng. Environ. Syst."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100220","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clema.2024.100220","article-title":"The world of plastic waste: A review","volume":"11","author":"Pilapitiya","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clean. Mater."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138089","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.138089","article-title":"Review of polymer technologies for improving the recycling and upcycling efficiency of plastic waste","volume":"320","author":"Jung","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2007.06.076","article-title":"Chemical recycling of plastic wastes made from polyethylene (LDPE and HDPE) and polypropylene (PP)","volume":"149","author":"Achilias","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1080\/095372897235299","article-title":"Rough-cut capacity planning for remanufacturing firms","volume":"8","author":"Guide","year":"1997","journal-title":"Prod. Plan. Control"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1016\/S0736-5845(99)00020-4","article-title":"Production planning and control for remanufacturing: A state-of-the-art survey","volume":"15","author":"Guide","year":"1999","journal-title":"Robot. Comput. Integr. Manuf."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-6963(00)00034-6","article-title":"Production planning and control for remanufacturing: Industry practice and research needs","volume":"18","author":"Guide","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Oper. Manag."},{"key":"ref_28","first-page":"125","article-title":"Supply-chain management for recoverable manufacturing systems","volume":"30","author":"Guide","year":"2000","journal-title":"Inst. Oper. Res. Manag. Sci."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.1080\/09537280110042882","article-title":"Issues in end-of-life product recovery and reverse logistics","volume":"12","author":"Ferguson","year":"2001","journal-title":"Prod. Plan. Control"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1807","DOI":"10.1080\/13528160512331326440","article-title":"A framework for identifying differences and similarities in the managerial competencies associated with different modes of product life extension","volume":"43","author":"Linton","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int. J. Prod. Res."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpe.2006.12.034","article-title":"Planned lead time determination in a make to order remanufacturing system","volume":"108","author":"Tang","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int. J. Prod. Econ."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1080\/19397030902738952","article-title":"A modelling framework for the acquisition and remanufacturing of used products","volume":"2","author":"Nikolaidis","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int. J. Sustain. Eng."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1108\/MBE-09-2012-0046","article-title":"Green manufacturing performance measures: An empirical investigation from Indian manufacturing industries","volume":"17","author":"Digalwar","year":"2013","journal-title":"Meas. Bus. Excell."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.15282\/jmes.4.2013.13.0046","article-title":"Remanufacturing process and its challenges","volume":"4","author":"Munot","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Mech. Eng. Sci."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1108\/IJOPM-10-2012-0448","article-title":"The diffusion of environmental management system and its effect on environmental management practices","volume":"34","author":"Prajogo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Oper. Prod. Manag."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1007\/s10100-015-0428-1","article-title":"Master disassembly scheduling in a remanufacturing","volume":"25","author":"Lage","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cent. Eur. J. Oper. Res."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1080\/19397038.2016.1181120","article-title":"Future aspect of acquisition management in closed-loop supply chain","volume":"9","author":"Jena","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Sustain. Eng."},{"key":"ref_38","first-page":"315","article-title":"Two-echelon closed-loop supply chain deterministic inventory models in a batch production environment","volume":"9","author":"Mawandiya","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Sustain. Eng."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/0098-1354(84)80006-X","article-title":"Multiple-objective decision analysis applied to chemical engineering","volume":"8","author":"Grauer","year":"1984","journal-title":"Comput. Chem. Eng."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compchemeng.2012.05.006","article-title":"Optimal design of sustainable chemical processes and supply chains: A review","volume":"44","author":"Nikolopoulou","year":"2012","journal-title":"Comput. Chem. Eng."},{"key":"ref_41","first-page":"170","article-title":"Integrated shop floor data management for increasing energy and resource efficiency in manufacturing","volume":"21","author":"Vollmer","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. Conf. Prod. Res."},{"key":"ref_42","first-page":"202","article-title":"A service-oriented architecture and its ICT\u2014Infrastructure to support eco-efficiency performance monitoring in manufacturing enterprises","volume":"30","author":"Angulo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Comput. Integr. Manuf."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1080\/19397038.2014.1001470","article-title":"An integrated approach for improving energy efficiency of manufacturing process chains","volume":"9","author":"Mousavi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Sustain. Eng."},{"key":"ref_44","unstructured":"Yin, R.K. (2018). Case Study Research and Applications: Design and Methods, Sage. [6th ed.]."},{"key":"ref_45","unstructured":"Patton, M.Q. (1990). Qualitative Evaluation and Research Methods, Sage."},{"key":"ref_46","unstructured":"Bryman, A. (1995). Research Methods and Organization Studies, Routledge."},{"key":"ref_47","unstructured":"Collins, J., and Hussey, R. (2007). Business Research Methods, McGraw-Hill."},{"key":"ref_48","unstructured":"Kumar, R. (2011). Research Methodology, Sage. [3rd ed.]."},{"key":"ref_49","unstructured":"Ritthoff, M., Rohn, H., and Liedtke, C. (2019, April 13). Calculating MIPS. Available online: https:\/\/epub.wupperinst.org\/frontdoor\/index\/index\/docId\/1577."},{"key":"ref_50","first-page":"364","article-title":"Cleaner production: A study of the environmental and economic advantage in polymer recycling","volume":"40","author":"Shibao","year":"2015","journal-title":"Interciencia"},{"key":"ref_51","first-page":"197","article-title":"Economic and Environmental Advantage Evaluation of the Reverse Logistic Implementation in the Supermarket Retail","volume":"439","year":"2014","journal-title":"IFIP Adv. Inf. Commun. Technol."},{"key":"ref_52","first-page":"11","article-title":"Economic and environmental gains resulting from the utilization of the design for the environment (DfE)","volume":"34","author":"Neto","year":"2013","journal-title":"Espacios"},{"key":"ref_53","unstructured":"Wuppertal Institute (2013). Material Intensity of Materials, Fuels, Transport Services, Food, Wuppertal Institut f\u00fcr Klima, Umwelt, Energie GmbH."},{"key":"ref_54","unstructured":"Shingo, S. (1996). A Revolution in Manufacturing: The SMED System, Productivity Press."}],"container-title":["Polymers"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2073-4360\/17\/9\/1131\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T17:19:06Z","timestamp":1760030346000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2073-4360\/17\/9\/1131"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,22]]},"references-count":54,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]}},"alternative-id":["polym17091131"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/polym17091131","relation":{},"ISSN":["2073-4360"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2073-4360"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,22]]}}}