{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]],"date-time":"2025-12-19T15:25:31Z","timestamp":1766157931380,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,25]],"date-time":"2016-01-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1453680000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology","award":["SFRH\/BD\/64070\/2009","MIT\/ECE\/0047\/2009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFRH\/BD\/64070\/2009","MIT\/ECE\/0047\/2009"]}]},{"name":"European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7\/2007-2013)","award":["REGPOT-CT2012-316331-POLARIS"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["REGPOT-CT2012-316331-POLARIS"]}]},{"name":"National Strategic Reference Funds through European Regional Development Fund","award":["RL3 -TECT -NORTE-07-0124-FEDER-000020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RL3 -TECT -NORTE-07-0124-FEDER-000020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Polymers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are attractive tools to overcome limitations of current regenerative medicine strategies, demonstrating potential to integrate therapeutic and diagnostic functionalities in highly controlled systems. In traditional tissue engineering (TE) approaches, the MNPs association with stem cells in a three-dimensional (3D) template offers the possibility to achieve a mechano-magnetic responsive system, enabling remote control actuation. Herein, we propose to study the role of MNPs integrated in \u03ba-carrageenan (\u03baC) hydrogels in the cellular response of human adipose-derived stem cells (hASCs) aiming at cartilage TE applications. The results indicated that the concentration of MNPs in the \u03baC hydrogels influences cellular behavior, tuning a positive effect on cell viability, cell content and metabolic activity of hASCs, with the most promising outcomes found in 5% MNP-\u03baC matrices. Although hASCs laden in MNPs-free- and MNPs-\u03baC hydrogels showed similar metabolic and proliferation levels, MNPs \u03baC hydrogels under magnetic actuation evidenced an instructive effect on hASCs, at a gene expression level, towards chondrogenic phenotype even in basic medium cultures. Therefore, the MNPs-based systems developed in this study may contribute to advanced strategies towards cartilage-like engineered substitutes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/polym8020028","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,25]],"date-time":"2016-01-25T10:03:06Z","timestamp":1453716186000},"page":"28","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Magnetically-Responsive Hydrogels for Modulation of Chondrogenic Commitment of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Elena","family":"Popa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"3B\u2019s Research Group\u2014Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Taipas, Guimar\u00e3es 4806-909, Portugal"},{"name":"ICVS\/3B\u2019s\u2014PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga\/Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0854-0197","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"V\u00edtor","family":"Santo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3B\u2019s Research Group\u2014Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Taipas, Guimar\u00e3es 4806-909, Portugal"},{"name":"ICVS\/3B\u2019s\u2014PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga\/Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"}]},{"given":"M\u00e1rcia","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3B\u2019s Research Group\u2014Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Taipas, Guimar\u00e3es 4806-909, Portugal"},{"name":"ICVS\/3B\u2019s\u2014PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga\/Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Manuela","family":"Gomes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3B\u2019s Research Group\u2014Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Taipas, Guimar\u00e3es 4806-909, Portugal"},{"name":"ICVS\/3B\u2019s\u2014PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga\/Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2009.03.007","article-title":"Magnetic nanoparticles for theragnostics","volume":"61","author":"Shubayev","year":"2009","journal-title":"Adv. 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