{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]],"date-time":"2026-03-20T17:09:13Z","timestamp":1774026553913,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,19]],"date-time":"2022-09-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1663545600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"FCT\u2014Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia, I.P.","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDB\/04129\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04129\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Processes"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Grape pomace (grape skin and seeds) and stems are major by-products of winemaking, of lignocellulosic nature. The aim of this study was to value grape pomace and stems to produce prebiotic oligosaccharides (OS). Grapes from Touriga Nacional and Marselan cultivars (Vitis vinifera L.) were used for conventional red winemaking. The total of extractives, obtained by sequential extraction with dichloromethane, ethanol, and water, was approx. 64.0% (d.w.) for both pomaces, and 46.2% and 59.5% for Marselan and Touriga Nacional stems, respectively. Lignin contents in Marselan stems (26.4%) and pomace (20.4%) were higher than in Touriga Nacional pomace (19.3%) or stems (17.3%). Polysaccharides (hemicelluloses and cellulose) represented 9 and 8.2% of Marselan and Touriga pomaces, and 22.3 and 18.7% of respective stems. After extractives removal, the pomaces and stems were submitted to a hydrothermal treatment (autohydrolysis) to release oligosaccharides from the hemicellulose fraction. Autohydrolysis was carried out following a central composite rotatable design (CCRD) as a function of temperature (142\u2013198 \u00b0C) and time (48\u2013132 min). For all materials of both varieties, the production of sugars by autohydrolysis could be described by second-order models. Highest sugar productions were: 81.2 g\/kg (d.w.) extracted Marselan pomace; 76.3 g\/kg (d.w.) extracted Touriga Nacional pomace; 116.3 g\/kg (d.w.) extracted Marselan stems; and 168.4 g\/kg (d.w.) extracted Touriga Nacional stems. Yields of 99% OS were obtained by autohydrolysis at 170 \u00b0C\/90 min.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pr10091896","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,20]],"date-time":"2022-09-20T04:28:55Z","timestamp":1663648135000},"page":"1896","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Potential Use of Grape Stems and Pomaces from Two Red Grapevine Cultivars as Source of Oligosaccharides"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7428-0306","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roberta","family":"Mangione","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"LEAF\u2014Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food\u2014Research Center, Associated Laboratory TERRA, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1349-017 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Rita","family":"Sim\u00f5es","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Estudos Florestais, Associated Laboratory TERRA, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1349-017 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5393-4443","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Helena","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Estudos Florestais, Associated Laboratory TERRA, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1349-017 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6223-4377","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sofia","family":"Catarino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LEAF\u2014Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food\u2014Research Center, Associated Laboratory TERRA, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1349-017 Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"CEFEMA\u2014Center of Physics and Engineering of Advanced Materials, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3706-0982","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jorge","family":"Ricardo-da-Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LEAF\u2014Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food\u2014Research Center, Associated Laboratory TERRA, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1349-017 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Isabel","family":"Miranda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Estudos Florestais, Associated Laboratory TERRA, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1349-017 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3655-8201","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Suzana","family":"Ferreira-Dias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LEAF\u2014Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food\u2014Research Center, Associated Laboratory TERRA, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1349-017 Lisbon, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"OIV (2022, June 03). 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