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Maintenance plays a crucial role in achieving such objectives. This study identifies existing models that combine Lean Philosophy and Industry 4.0 principles to enhance decision-making and activities related to maintenance management. A comprehensive literature review on key concepts of Lean Philosophy and Industry 4.0, as well as an in-depth analysis of existing models that integrate these principles, is performed. An innovative model based on the synergies between Lean Philosophy and Industry 4.0, named the Maintenance Management in Sustainable Operations (MMSO) model, is proposed. A pilot test of the application of the MMSO model on a conveyor belt led to an operational time increase from 82.3% to 87.7%, indicating a notable 6.6% improvement. The MMSO model significantly enhanced maintenance management, facilitating the collection, processing, and visualization of data via internet-connected devices. Through this integration, various benefits are achieved, including improved flexibility, efficiency, and effectiveness in addressing market needs. This study highlights the value of integrating Lean Philosophy and Industry 4.0 principles to improve maintenance management practices. The proposed MMSO model effectively leverages these principles, fostering agility, optimized resource utilization, heightened productivity and quality, and reduced energy consumption. The model not only serves as a tool for operational optimization and customer demand enhancement but also aligns with sustainability principles within the energy transition. Its successful application in the pilot test phase further reinforces its potential as a reliable approach for maintenance management and sustainable operations in both production and decision-making processes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pr11092691","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,8]],"date-time":"2023-09-08T07:57:17Z","timestamp":1694159837000},"page":"2691","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Synergies between Lean and Industry 4.0 for Enhanced Maintenance Management in Sustainable Operations: A Model Proposal"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4242-4763","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Mendes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, ESTSet\u00fabal, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Set\u00fabal, 2910-761 Set\u00fabal, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Electromechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Beira Interior, 6201-001 Covilh\u00e3, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1691-1709","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro D.","family":"Gaspar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electromechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Beira Interior, 6201-001 Covilh\u00e3, Portugal"},{"name":"Center for Mechanical and Aerospace Science and Technologies (C-MAST), University of Beira Interior, 6201-001 Covilh\u00e3, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2038-0237","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fernando","family":"Charrua-Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electromechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Beira Interior, 6201-001 Covilh\u00e3, Portugal"},{"name":"Center for Mechanical and Aerospace Science and Technologies (C-MAST), University of Beira Interior, 6201-001 Covilh\u00e3, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4637-0755","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Helena","family":"Navas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UNIDEMI, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"},{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio Associado de Sistemas Inteligentes (LASI), 4800-058 Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fortuna, G., and Gaspar, P.D. 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