{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,20]],"date-time":"2026-02-20T00:27:13Z","timestamp":1771547233880,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,30]],"date-time":"2025-06-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751241600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Recovery and Resilience Plan (PRR)","award":["C644865735-00000007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["C644865735-00000007"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Processes"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The sustainable utilization of forest biomass for bioenergy production is increasingly challenged by the variability and unpredictability of raw material availability. These challenges are particularly critical in regions like Central Portugal, where seasonality, dispersed resources, and wildfire prevention policies disrupt procurement planning. This study investigates two flexibility strategies\u2014dynamic network reconfiguration and operations postponement\u2014as policy relevant tools to enhance resilience in forest-to-bioenergy supply chains. A novel mathematical model, the mobile Facility Location Problem with dynamic Operations Assignment (mFLP-dOA), is proposed and solved using a scalable matheuristic approach. Applying the model to a real case study, we demonstrate that incorporating temporary intermediate nodes and adaptable processing schedules can reduce costs by up to 17% while improving operational responsiveness and reducing non-productive machine time. The findings offer strategic insights for policymakers, biomass operators, and regional planners aiming to design more adaptive and cost-effective biomass supply systems, particularly under environmental risk scenarios such as summer operation bans. This work supports evidence-based planning and investment in flexible logistics infrastructure for cleaner and more resilient bioenergy supply chains.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pr13072074","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,30]],"date-time":"2025-06-30T10:03:48Z","timestamp":1751277828000},"page":"2074","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Enhancing Flexibility in Forest Biomass Procurement: A Matheuristic Approach for Resilient Bioenergy Supply Chains Under Resource Variability"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5352-0830","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Reinaldo","family":"Gomes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"INESC TEC, Instituto de Engenharia de Sistemas e Computadores, Tecnologia e Ci\u00eancia Campus da FEUP, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5791-8723","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandra","family":"Marques","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INESC TEC, Instituto de Engenharia de Sistemas e Computadores, Tecnologia e Ci\u00eancia Campus da FEUP, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Forestwise, Quinta de Prados, Campus da UTAD, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4296-8207","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"F\u00e1bio","family":"Neves-Moreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INESC TEC, Instituto de Engenharia de Sistemas e Computadores, Tecnologia e Ci\u00eancia Campus da FEUP, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-1770-1992","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos Amaral","family":"Netto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Florecha, Rua Direita de S. Pedro, 156, 2140-098 Chamusca, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-7643-5816","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ruxanda Godina","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departmento de Economia, Gestao, Engenharia Industrial e Turismo (DEGEIT), University of Aveiro, Campus Universit\u00e1rio de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7857-3405","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro","family":"Amorim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Campus da FEUP, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpe.2017.07.024","article-title":"Uncertainty and supply chain risk: The moderating role of supply chain flexibility in risk mitigation","volume":"193","author":"Sreedevi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. 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