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However, in order to promote health and wellbeing across all ages it is necessary to have a better understanding of the association between health and energy at household level. This study contributes to this debate by addressing the case of Portugal using data from the Household Budget Survey (HBS) microdata database. A two-part model is applied to estimate health expenditures based on energy-related expenditures, as well as socioeconomic variables. Additional statistical methods are used to enhance the perception of relevant predictors for health expenditures. Our findings suggest that given the high significance and coefficient value, energy expenditure is a relevant explanatory variable for health expenditures. This result is further validated by a dominance analysis ranking. Moreover, the results show that health gains and medical cost reductions can be a key factor to consider on the assessment of the economic viability of energy efficiency projects in buildings. This is particularly relevant for the older and low-income segments of the population.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pr9060943","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,27]],"date-time":"2021-05-27T04:30:46Z","timestamp":1622089846000},"page":"943","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Health and Housing Energy Expenditures: A Two-Part Model Approach"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"F\u00e1tima","family":"Lima","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Engineering (FEUP), University of Porto, 4200-026 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3712-4803","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paula","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ALGORITMI Research Centre, School of Engineering Campus de Azur\u00e9m, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8396-2907","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"V\u00edtor","family":"Leal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering (FEUP), Institute of Science and Innovation in Mechanical Engineering and Management Engineering (INEGI), University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scs.2016.09.012","article-title":"On the effect of summer heatwaves and urban overheating on building thermal-energy performance in central Italy","volume":"28","author":"Pyrgou","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sustain. 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