{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]],"date-time":"2026-02-16T15:17:34Z","timestamp":1771255054209,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]],"date-time":"2026-02-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771200000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Psychiatry International"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Perinatal loss affects 23 million pregnancies worldwide each year, representing a painful experience that disrupts expectations and impacts emotional, physical, social, and spiritual well-being. This cross-sectional observational study assessed symptoms of anxiety, depression, self-judgment (self-criticism, isolation, over-identification), and shame in women who experienced perinatal loss, as well as their predictive value for psychopathology. Participants were 501 women, divided into five groups according to time since loss: 0\u20136 months, 7\u201318 months, 19\u201330 months, 31\u201342 months, and more than 43 months. Findings showed that women 7\u201318 months post-loss reported the highest psychopathology levels, with significant differences in anxiety. Isolation and shame were the strongest predictors of depressive and anxiety symptoms. Although symptoms decreased over time, they remained elevated years after the loss. These results underscore the lasting psychological impact of perinatal loss and the importance of sustained recognition, assessment, and intervention to support women\u2019s mental health.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/psychiatryint7010043","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]],"date-time":"2026-02-16T14:09:54Z","timestamp":1771250994000},"page":"43","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Invisible Scars: Psychopathology, Shame and Self-Judgment Following Perinatal Loss\u2014A Cross-Sectional Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-0282-4195","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mariana","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology and Education, University of Beira Interior, 6200-209 Covilh\u00e3, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2007-5865","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paula Saraiva","family":"Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology and Education, University of Beira Interior, 6200-209 Covilh\u00e3, Portugal"},{"name":"Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, CIDESD, University of Beira Interior, 6201-001 Covilh\u00e3, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8919-0378","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana","family":"Torres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology and Education, University of Beira Interior, 6200-209 Covilh\u00e3, Portugal"},{"name":"Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, CIDESD, University of Beira Interior, 6201-001 Covilh\u00e3, Portugal"},{"name":"RISE-Health Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilh\u00e3, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9095-0947","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"D\u00e1rio","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mathematics, Center of Mathematics and Applications, University of Beira Interior, 6201-001 Covilh\u00e3, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"183","article-title":"Interven\u00e7\u00e3o Psicol\u00f3gica no Luto Parental","volume":"Volume 1","author":"Gabriel","year":"2021","journal-title":"Luto: Manual de Interven\u00e7\u00e3o Psicol\u00f3gica"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1658","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)00682-6","article-title":"Miscarriage matters: The epidemiological, physical, psychological, and economic costs of early pregnancy loss","volume":"397","author":"Quenby","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.31403\/rpgo.v62i1897","article-title":"Anomal\u00edas Cromos\u00f3micas en Abortos Espont\u00e1neos","volume":"62","author":"Paredes","year":"2016","journal-title":"Rev. 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