{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,14]],"date-time":"2026-02-14T01:08:16Z","timestamp":1771031296744,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,26]],"date-time":"2022-04-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1650931200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"NANDA-International, Inc.","award":["Foundation Grant Award"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Foundation Grant Award"]}]},{"name":"National Funds through FCT \u2013 Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia, I.P.","award":["UIDB\/04279\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04279\/2020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Religions"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Attention has been given to the experience of individuals undergoing assisted reproductive techniques. However, only recent literature has focused on the spiritual journey triggered by such an event and highlighted the nurses and midwives\u2019 roles in the assessment of the spiritual needs of those living with infertility. This study aimed to perform a psychometric test of the factor structure of the Portuguese version of the Spiritual Well-being Questionnaire in a sample of people undergoing assisted reproductive techniques. This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted between September 2019 and June 2020 on a sample of 104 Portuguese adults attending fertility treatment. An online questionnaire was released on fertility-related websites. A confirmatory factor analysis was conducted on six hypothesized models of the instrument. The findings provided evidence of an adequate internal consistency of the instrument, and the validity and reliability of the oblique four-factor model was confirmed. Spiritual well-being had a significant association with the nature of infertility and a higher score was achieved by participants that perceived religion as very important. This study provides a validated tool for nurses and midwives to assess spiritual well-being and promote an integrated reproductive healthcare approach. Further longitudinal research with bigger samples would provide more evidence of the spiritual needs of people living with this condition.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rel13050400","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,26]],"date-time":"2022-04-26T21:37:53Z","timestamp":1651009073000},"page":"400","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Portuguese Version of the Spiritual Well-Being Questionnaire: Validation Study in People under Assisted Reproductive Techniques"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8867-2183","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joana","family":"Romeiro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Health, Institute of Health Sciences, Universidade Cat\u00f3lica Portuguesa, 1649-023 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8316-5035","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paulo Jorge","family":"Nogueira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Medicina Preventiva e Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6772-0534","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John","family":"Fisher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federation University Australia, Ballarat, VIC 3350, Australia"},{"name":"School of Rural Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9804-2297","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S\u00edlvia","family":"Caldeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Health, Institute of Health Sciences, Universidade Cat\u00f3lica Portuguesa, 1649-023 Lisbon, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"198","article-title":"A Comparison Of Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) and Covariance Based Structural Equation Modeling (CB-SEM) for Confirmatory Factor Analysis","volume":"2","author":"Afthanorhan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Certified International Journal of Engineering Science and Innovative Technology"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2209","DOI":"10.1111\/jan.14399","article-title":"Chi-Square for Model Fit in Confirmatory Factor Analysis","volume":"76","author":"Alavi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Advanced Nursing"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.5480\/1536-5026-33.1.7","article-title":"Nursing Process and Clinical Reasoning","volume":"33","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nursing Education Perspective"},{"key":"ref_4","unstructured":"Awang, Zainudin (2012). 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