{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]],"date-time":"2026-01-09T17:33:41Z","timestamp":1767980021283,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":78,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,30]],"date-time":"2021-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1632960000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDB\/00319\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/00319\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SFRH\/BD\/131932\/2017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFRH\/BD\/131932\/2017"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Resources"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The main aim of this paper is to answer the research question, \u201cIs the Gompertz model suitable for studying the diffusion of the ISO 22000 standard in Europe?\u201d Forecasting models adopting the Gompertz model were developed to estimate to which extent the Food Safety Management Systems (FSMS) based on the ISO 22000 standard are expected to be implemented and certified in the European continent. To provide a forecast for the next few years, data from the diffusion of renowned ISO standards, namely, ISO 9001 and ISO 14001, were extrapolated in order to overcome the shortcoming since data concerning ISO 22000 certification was only available for the period 2007 to 2018. The results provide a cross-sectional portrayal of the European diffusion of ISO 22000 certification and suggest an interval of the estimated number of certificates issued in Europe. This research paper presents the first attempt to empirically analyze the dynamic of diffusion of the European ISO 22000 certification. A more accurate fitting with real results may be expected with further information available in the forthcoming years.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/resources10100100","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,8]],"date-time":"2021-10-08T21:26:20Z","timestamp":1633728380000},"page":"100","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["ISO 22000 Certification: Diffusion in Europe"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3141-2158","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nathalia","family":"Granja","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4099-002 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1406-4905","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro","family":"Domingues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ALGORITMI Research Centre, Department of Production and Systems Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"}]},{"given":"M\u00f3nica","family":"Cabecinhas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ALGORITMI Research Centre, Department of Production and Systems Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3097-5445","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dominik","family":"Zimon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Management Systems and Logistics, Rzeszow University of Technology, 35-959 Rzesz\u00f3w, Poland"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0879-1084","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paulo","family":"Sampaio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ALGORITMI Research Centre, Department of Production and Systems Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"635","article-title":"A study on the Critical Success Factors of ISO 22000 Implementation in The Hotel Industry","volume":"27","author":"Wang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pak. J. Stat."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1080\/14783363.2012.669544","article-title":"Determinants of the use of quality management practices in Latin America: The case of Argentina and Uruguay","volume":"24","author":"Pintado","year":"2013","journal-title":"Total. Qual. Manag. Bus. Excel."},{"key":"ref_3","unstructured":"ISO Survey (2021, February 19). The ISO Survey of Management System Standard Certifications 2019. Available online: https:\/\/www.iso.org\/the-iso-survey.html."},{"key":"ref_4","unstructured":"FAO (2021, February 19). Global Food Losses and Food Waste: Extent, Causes and Prevention. Available online: http:\/\/www.fao.org\/3\/mb060e\/mb060e00.htm."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bergstr\u00f6m, P., Malefors, C., Strid, I., Hanssen, O.J., and Eriksson, M. (2020). Sustainability Assessment of Food Redistribution Initiatives in Sweden. Resources, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/resources9030027"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mohamed, Z., Terano, R., Shamsudin, M.N., and Latif, I.A. (2016). Paddy Farmers\u2019 Sustainability Practices in Granary Areas in Malaysia. Resources, 5.","DOI":"10.3390\/resources5020017"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jurgilevich, A., Birge, T., Kentala-Lehtonen, J., Korhonen-Kurki, K., Pietik\u00e4inen, J., Saikku, L., and Sch\u00f6sler, H. (2016). Transition towards Circular Economy in the Food System. Sustainability, 8.","DOI":"10.3390\/su8010069"},{"key":"ref_8","unstructured":"United Nations (2021, February 17). Goal 12: Ensure Sustainable Consumption and Production Patterns. Available online: https:\/\/www.un.org\/sustainabledevelopment\/sustainable-consumption-production\/."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"894","DOI":"10.1108\/02656710910995082","article-title":"Assessing the critical factors and their impact on the effective implementation of a food safety management system","volume":"26","author":"Fotopoulos","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int. J. Qual. Reliab. Manag."},{"key":"ref_10","first-page":"84","article-title":"A decade of Food Safety Management System based on ISO 22000: A global overview","volume":"34","author":"Gil","year":"2017","journal-title":"Rev. Toxicol."},{"key":"ref_11","unstructured":"ISO 22000 (2021, February 09). Food Safety Management\u2014ISO 22000. Available online: https:\/\/www.iso.org\/iso-22000-food-safety-management.html."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1729","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2621.2007.01675.x","article-title":"Application of ISO22000 and comparison to HACCP for processing of ready to eat vegetables: Part I","volume":"43","author":"Varzakas","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int. J. Food Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodcont.2014.02.042","article-title":"Implementation of a food safety management system according to ISO 22000 in the food supplement industry: A case study","volume":"43","author":"Peidro","year":"2014","journal-title":"Food Control."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mahajan, R., Garg, S., and Sharma, P.B. (2016). Pure Curd Supply Chain: An Indian Case on Modern Food Safety Management. Innovative Solutions for Implementing Global Supply Chains in Emerging Markets, IGI Global.","DOI":"10.4018\/978-1-4666-9795-9.ch006"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zimon, D., Madzik, P., and Domingues, P. (2020). Development of key processes along the supply chain by implementing the ISO 22000 standard. Sustainability, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/su12156176"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zimon, D., and Domingues, J.P.T. (2019). Impact of implementation of ISO 22000 on food safety throughout the supply chain: Insights from Poland, Slovakia & Portugal. Int. J. Prod. Qual. Manag., 1.","DOI":"10.1504\/IJPQM.2019.10023773"},{"key":"ref_17","unstructured":"World Bank (2021, February 13). Goal 12\u2014Responsible Consumption and Production: Managing Plastic and Food Waste for a Sustainable Future. Available online: https:\/\/datatopics.worldbank.org\/sdgatlas\/goal-12-responsible-consumption-and-production\/#footnote2."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1017\/S0029665112002947","article-title":"Food sustainability: Problems, perspectives and solutions","volume":"72","author":"Garnett","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proc. Nutr. Soc."},{"key":"ref_19","first-page":"1","article-title":"The ISO 22000 food safety management system in the food and beverage industry","volume":"1","author":"Mercan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Educ. Res."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1017\/aae.2017.2","article-title":"International diffusion of food safety standards: The role of domestic certifiers and international trade","volume":"49","author":"Mohammed","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Agric. Appl. Econ."},{"key":"ref_21","unstructured":"GlobalG.A.P (2021, February 17). GlobalG.A.P. Annual Report 2019. Available online: https:\/\/globalgapsolutions.org\/annual-report\/services-report\/."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sli\u0161kovi\u0107, M., Boljat, H.U., Jelaska, I., and Mr\u010deli\u0107, G.J. (2018). Review of Generated Waste from Cruisers: Dubrovnik, Split, and Zadar Port Case Studies. Resources, 7.","DOI":"10.3390\/resources7040072"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kiss, K., Ruszkai, C., and Tak\u00e1cs-Gy\u00f6rgy, K. (2019). Examination of Short Supply Chains Based on Circular Economy and Sustainability Aspects. Resources, 8.","DOI":"10.3390\/resources8040161"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodcont.2010.05.008","article-title":"Implementation of ISO 22000 in cereal food industry \u201cSMID\u201d in Tunisia","volume":"22","author":"Gaaloul","year":"2011","journal-title":"Food Control."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.24818\/EA\/2018\/47\/30","article-title":"Implementation of ISO 22000 in Romanian Companies: Motivations, Difficulties and Key Benefits","volume":"20","author":"Paunescu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Amfiteatru Econ."},{"key":"ref_26","first-page":"693","article-title":"The impact of quality management systems on the effectiveness of food Supply chains","volume":"6","author":"Zimon","year":"2017","journal-title":"TEM J."},{"key":"ref_27","first-page":"185","article-title":"Wp\u0142yw implementacji znormalizowanych system\u00f3w zarz\u0105dzania na funkcjonowanie \u0142a\u0144cuch\u00f3w dostaw \u017cywno\u015bci","volume":"25","author":"Zimon","year":"2018","journal-title":"\u017bywno\u015b\u0107 Nauka Technol. Jako\u015b\u0107"},{"key":"ref_28","unstructured":"Bonanno, A., Busch, L., Friedland, W.H., Gouveia, L., and Mingione, E. (1994). Introduction. From Columbus to ConAgra: The Globalization of Agriculture and Food, University Press of Kansas."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodcont.2013.11.032","article-title":"Reasons and constraints to implementing an ISO 22000 food safety management system: Evidence from Spain","volume":"40","author":"Escanciano","year":"2014","journal-title":"Food Control."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijindorg.2013.07.005","article-title":"International standards and international trade: Empirical evidence from ISO 9000 diffusion","volume":"36","author":"Clougherty","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Ind. Organ."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.21608\/jfds.2020.160389","article-title":"Implementation of ISO 22000 System in Spaghetti Industry","volume":"11","author":"Bahlol","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Food Dairy Sci."},{"key":"ref_32","first-page":"1115","article-title":"Impact of ISO 22000:2005 on Job Performance Case of AIG and Harkous Chicken Group","volume":"7","author":"Toufaili","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Recent Technol. Eng."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodcont.2021.108111","article-title":"The performance of food safety management system in relation to the microbiological safety of salmon nigiri sushi: A multiple case study in a Japanese chain restaurant","volume":"127","author":"Fathurrahman","year":"2021","journal-title":"Food Control."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1744-7976.2006.00060.x","article-title":"Does Canada Need Mandatory HACCP? Evidence from the Ontario Food Processing Sector","volume":"54","author":"Herath","year":"2006","journal-title":"Can. J. Agric. Econ."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.1080\/00036840802600103","article-title":"Factors affecting the incidence and intensity of standards certification evidence from exporting firms in Pakistan","volume":"43","author":"Masakure","year":"2009","journal-title":"Appl. Econ."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1111\/1750-3841.15553","article-title":"Implementation of food safety management systems that meets ISO 22000:2018 and HACCP: A case study of capsule biotechnology products of chaga mushroom","volume":"86","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Food Sci."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodpol.2011.03.006","article-title":"Cross-national adoption of private food quality standards","volume":"36","author":"Herzfeld","year":"2011","journal-title":"Food Policy"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Soares, N., Martins, C., and Vicente, A. (2016). The FSSC 22000 certification. Food Safety in the Seafood Industry: A Practical Guide for ISO 22000 and FSSC 22000 Implementation, John Wiley & Sons.","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118965108"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1080\/14783363.2012.669556","article-title":"Food safety management system implementation and certification: Survey results","volume":"24","author":"Teixeira","year":"2013","journal-title":"Total. Qual. Manag. Bus. Excel."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpe.2007.02.050","article-title":"Quality and safety standards in the food industry, developments and challenges","volume":"113","author":"Trienekens","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int. J. Prod. Econ."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodpol.2009.05.004","article-title":"The impact of food safety standards on processed food exports from developing countries","volume":"34","author":"Jongwanich","year":"2009","journal-title":"Food Policy"},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1937-5956.2001.tb00378.x","article-title":"International diffusion of ISO 14000 certification","volume":"10","author":"Corbett","year":"2009","journal-title":"Prod. Oper. Manag."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2289","DOI":"10.1108\/IJQRM-03-2017-0044","article-title":"Integrated management systems diffusion models in South European countries","volume":"35","author":"Cabecinhas","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Qual. Reliab. Manag."},{"key":"ref_44","first-page":"15","article-title":"Diffusion, drivers and trends on integrated management systems Evolution among Portuguese companies","volume":"4","author":"Cabecinhas","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Occup. Environ. Saf."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1937-5956.2004.tb00510.x","article-title":"Revisiting ISO 14000 diffusion: A new \u201clook\u201d at the drivers of certification","volume":"13","author":"Vastag","year":"2004","journal-title":"Prod. Oper. Manag."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1108\/02635571111115191","article-title":"ISO 9001 diffusion analysis according to activity sectors","volume":"111","author":"Llach","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ind. Manag. Data Syst."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1002\/csr.1316","article-title":"Corporate Supply Chain Responsibility: Drivers and Barriers for Sustainable Food Retailing","volume":"22","author":"Chkanikova","year":"2012","journal-title":"Corp. Soc. Responsib. Environ. Manag."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resconrec.2010.12.002","article-title":"An analysis of the drivers affecting the implementation of green supply chain management","volume":"55","author":"Diabat","year":"2011","journal-title":"Resour. Conserv. Recycl."},{"key":"ref_49","unstructured":"Marim\u00f3n, F., Heras, I., and Casades\u00fas, M. (2008, January 13\u201315). ISO 9001 and ISO 14001 diffusion\u2014The case of Spain and Serbia. Proceedings of the Quality Festival 2008\u20142nd International Quality Conference, Kragujevac, Serbia."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2013.11.076","article-title":"Diffusion of ISO 14001 environmental management system: Global, regional and country-level analyses","volume":"66","author":"To","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Clean. Prod."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/14783360802614257","article-title":"ISO 9000 and ISO 14000 standards: A projection model for the decline phase","volume":"20","author":"Marimon","year":"2009","journal-title":"Total Qual. Manag. Bus. Excel."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1108\/01443571311322706","article-title":"Diffusion of quality standards in the hospitality sector","volume":"33","author":"Marimon","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Oper. Prod. Manag."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen, Y., and Liu, E. (2009, January 26\u201327). The Diffusion of ISO9000 Certification in China: A Trend Analysis Based on Grey Verhulst Model. Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Information Management, Innovation Management and Industrial Engineering, Xi\u2019an, China.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICIII.2009.61"},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1108\/02656710410511687","article-title":"A new forecasting model for the diffusion of ISO 9000 standard certifications in European countries","volume":"21","author":"Franceschini","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int. J. Qual. Reliab. Manag."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1016\/S0040-1625(01)00150-0","article-title":"A new approach to modelling sigmoidal curves","volume":"69","author":"Carrillo","year":"2002","journal-title":"Technol. Forecast. Soc. Chang."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1006\/fmic.1997.0125","article-title":"When is simple good enough: A comparison of the Gompertz, Baranyi, and three-phase linear models for fitting bacterial growth curves","volume":"14","author":"Buchanan","year":"1997","journal-title":"Food Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_57","unstructured":"Martino, J.P. (1993). Technological Forecasting for Decision Making, McGraw-Hill."},{"key":"ref_58","unstructured":"Stoneman, P. (1995). Handbook of the Economics of Innovation and Technological Change, John Wiley and Sons Ltd."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1108\/02656711011043535","article-title":"Clustering of European countries based on ISO 9000 certification diffusion","volume":"27","author":"Franceschini","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int. J. Qual. Reliab. Manag."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1108\/14635770610676326","article-title":"A worldwide analysis of ISO 9000 standard diffusion: Considerations and future development","volume":"13","author":"Franceschini","year":"2006","journal-title":"Benchmarking Int. J."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1384","DOI":"10.1080\/14783363.2020.1724508","article-title":"Is \u2018post-decline\u2019 the next phase of the diffusion of ISO 9001 certifications? New empirical evidence from European countries","volume":"32","author":"Mastrogiacomo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Total. Qual. Manag. Bus. Excel."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1098\/rstl.1825.0026","article-title":"On the nature of the function expressive of the law of human mortality and on a new model of determining life contingencies","volume":"115","author":"Gompertz","year":"1825","journal-title":"Philos. Trans. R. Soc."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"690","DOI":"10.1039\/C0CP00447B","article-title":"Kinetics of bulk polymerisation and Gompertz\u2019s law","volume":"13","author":"Schmitt","year":"2011","journal-title":"Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20140379","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2014.0379","article-title":"Deciphering death: A commentary on Gompertz (1825) \u2018On the nature of the function expressive of the law of human mortality, and on a new mode of determining the value of life contingencies\u2019","volume":"370","author":"Kirkwood","year":"2015","journal-title":"Philos. Trans. R. Soc. B Biol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.18.1.1","article-title":"The Gompertz Curve as a Growth Curve","volume":"18","author":"Winsor","year":"1932","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5416","DOI":"10.1080\/00207543.2015.1109719","article-title":"ISO 9001 certification in the American Continent: A statistical analysis and modelling","volume":"54","author":"Salgado","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Prod. Res."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1303","DOI":"10.1080\/14783360903250597","article-title":"An analysis of ISO 9000 data in the world and the European Union","volume":"20","author":"Sampaio","year":"2009","journal-title":"Total. Qual. Manag. Bus. Excel."},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1080\/757583654","article-title":"New concepts and applications in growth phenomena","volume":"21","author":"Berny","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Appl. Stat."},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbusres.2009.04.008","article-title":"Diffusion models of mobile telephony","volume":"63","author":"Wu","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Bus. Res."},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1875","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.56.6.1875-1881.1990","article-title":"Modeling of the Bacterial Growth Curve","volume":"56","author":"Zwietering","year":"1990","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1016\/0169-2070(94)00556-R","article-title":"Forecasting with growth curves: An empirical comparison","volume":"11","author":"Meade","year":"1995","journal-title":"Int. J. Forecast."},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijforecast.2006.01.005","article-title":"Modelling and forecasting the diffusion of innovation\u2014A 25-year review","volume":"22","author":"Meade","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int. J. Forecast."},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1741","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2007.11.002","article-title":"ISO 14001 diffusion after the success of the ISO 9001 model","volume":"16","author":"Marimon","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Clean. Prod."},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Havinga, T., Hoevenaars, J., and B\u00f6cker, A. (2013). Food retailers as drivers for food safety standards. Nijmegen Sociology of Law Working Papers Series 2013\/03, SSRN Electronic Journal, Radboud University Nijmegen.","DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.2331869"},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.5367\/000000009787762716","article-title":"Certification Schemes in the European Agri-Food Sector: Overview and opportunities for central and eastern Europe","volume":"38","author":"Gawron","year":"2009","journal-title":"Outlook Agric."},{"key":"ref_76","first-page":"476","article-title":"Management system certification benefits: Where do we stand?","volume":"10","author":"Domingues","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Ind. Eng. Manag."},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"(2006). Zhu; Kraemer; Gurbaxani; Xu Migration to Open-Standard Interorganizational Systems: Network Effects, Switching Costs, and Path Dependency. MIS Q., 30, 515.","DOI":"10.2307\/25148771"},{"key":"ref_78","first-page":"1","article-title":"The diffusion of international standards on managerial practices","volume":"12","author":"Varisco","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Eng. Bus. Manag."}],"container-title":["Resources"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2079-9276\/10\/10\/100\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T07:07:57Z","timestamp":1760166477000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2079-9276\/10\/10\/100"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,30]]},"references-count":78,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]}},"alternative-id":["resources10100100"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/resources10100100","relation":{},"ISSN":["2079-9276"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2079-9276","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,30]]}}}