{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]],"date-time":"2026-01-23T16:17:14Z","timestamp":1769185034235,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,9]],"date-time":"2020-12-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1607472000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"INESCC","award":["Heritage-3DIM: Modelling and Monitoring Cultural Heritage with 3D Geospatial Data"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Heritage-3DIM: Modelling and Monitoring Cultural Heritage with 3D Geospatial Data"]}]},{"name":"Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT)","award":["UID\/Multi\/00308\/2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UID\/Multi\/00308\/2019"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Non-destructive testing (NDT) techniques play an important role in the characterization and diagnosis of historic buildings, keeping in mind their conservation and possible rehabilitation. This paper presents a new approach that merges building information modeling (BIM) with environment geospatial data obtained by several non-destructive techniques, namely terrestrial laser scanning, ground-penetrating radar, infrared thermography, and the automatic classification of pathologies based on RGB (red, green, blue) imaging acquired with an unmanned aircraft system (UAS). This approach was applied to the inspection of the Monastery of Batalha in Leiria, Portugal, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. To assess the capabilities of each technique, different parts of the monastery were examined, namely (i) part of its west fa\u00e7ade, including a few protruding buttresses, and (ii) the masonry vaults of the Church (nave, right-hand aisle, and transept) and the Founder\u2019s Chapel. After describing the employed techniques, a discussion of the optimization, treatment and integration of the acquired data through the BIM approach is presented. This work intends to contribute to the application of BIM in the field of cultural heritage, aiming at its future use in different activities such as facility management, support in the restoration and rehabilitation process, and research.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs12244028","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,9]],"date-time":"2020-12-09T09:17:58Z","timestamp":1607505478000},"page":"4028","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":59,"title":["A Building Information Modeling Approach to Integrate Geomatic Data for the Documentation and Preservation of Cultural Heritage"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1042-4985","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mercedes","family":"Solla","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CINTECX, GeoTECH Group, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain"},{"name":"Defense University Center, Spanish Naval Academy, 36900 Mar\u00edn, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6265-8903","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luisa M. S.","family":"Gon\u00e7alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ESTG, Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, Nova IMS University, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal"},{"name":"INESC-Coimbra, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 3030-290 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1746-0367","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gil","family":"Gon\u00e7alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INESC-Coimbra, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 3030-290 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Mathematics, University of Coimbra, 3001-501 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Carina","family":"Francisco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INESC-Coimbra, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 3030-290 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9002-3497","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Iv\u00e1n","family":"Puente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Defense University Center, Spanish Naval Academy, 36900 Mar\u00edn, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8195-1929","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paulo","family":"Provid\u00eancia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INESC-Coimbra, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 3030-290 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Civil Engineering, University of Coimbra, 3030-788 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7031-6260","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Florindo","family":"Gaspar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CDRSP, ESTG, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1373-4540","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hugo","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RISCO, Civil Engineering Department, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1016\/j.culher.2010.01.006","article-title":"A definition of cultural heritage: From the tangible to the intangible","volume":"11","author":"Vecco","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. 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