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This task can be performed with time-consuming destructive methods, including data collection and analysis in the laboratory. In contrast, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) offer a markedly more efficient and less restrictive method for gathering hyperspectral data, even though they may yield data with higher levels of noise. Therefore, the first task is the processing of these data to correct and downsample large amounts of data. In addition, the hyperspectral signatures of grape varieties are very similar. In this study, we propose the use of a convolutional neural network (CNN) to classify seventeen different varieties of red and white grape cultivars. Instead of classifying individual samples, our approach involves processing samples alongside their surrounding neighborhood for enhanced accuracy. The extraction of spatial and spectral features is addressed with (1) a spatial attention layer and (2) inception blocks. The pipeline goes from data preparation to dataset elaboration, finishing with the training phase. The fitted model is evaluated in terms of response time, accuracy and data separability and is compared with other state-of-the-art CNNs for classifying hyperspectral data. Our network was proven to be much more lightweight by using a limited number of input bands (40) and a reduced number of trainable weights (560 k parameters). Hence, it reduced training time (1 h on average) over the collected hyperspectral dataset. In contrast, other state-of-the-art research requires large networks with several million parameters that require hours to be trained. Despite this, the evaluated metrics showed much better results for our network (approximately 99% overall accuracy), in comparison with previous works barely achieving 81% OA over UAV imagery. This notable OA was similarly observed over satellite data. These results demonstrate the efficiency and robustness of our proposed method across different hyperspectral data sources.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs16122103","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,11]],"date-time":"2024-06-11T03:15:58Z","timestamp":1718075758000},"page":"2103","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Classification of Grapevine Varieties Using UAV Hyperspectral Imaging"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1423-9496","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alfonso","family":"L\u00f3pez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, University of Ja\u00e9n, 23071 Ja\u00e9n, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0958-990X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos J.","family":"Ogayar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, University of Ja\u00e9n, 23071 Ja\u00e9n, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8230-6529","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francisco R.","family":"Feito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, University of Ja\u00e9n, 23071 Ja\u00e9n, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4533-930X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joaquim J.","family":"Sousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Robotics in Industry and Intelligent Systems (CRIIS), Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering, Technology and Science (INESC TEC), 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Engineering Department, School of Science and Technology, University of Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1186\/s13007-020-00632-2","article-title":"Evaluation of novel precision viticulture tool for canopy biomass estimation and missing plant detection based on 2.5D and 3D approaches using RGB images acquired by UAV platform","volume":"16","author":"Matese","year":"2020","journal-title":"Plant Methods"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1007\/s00271-021-00735-1","article-title":"Assessing and mapping vineyard water status using a ground mobile thermal imaging platform","volume":"39","author":"Diago","year":"2021","journal-title":"Irrig. 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