{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T15:53:42Z","timestamp":1775145222377,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,28]],"date-time":"2019-11-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1574899200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Recently, citizen involvement has been increasingly used in urban disaster prevention and management, taking advantage of new ubiquitous and collaborative technologies. This scenario has created a unique opportunity to leverage the work of crowds of volunteers. As a result, crowdsourcing approaches for disaster prevention and management have been proposed and evaluated. However, the articulation of citizens, tasks, and outcomes as a continuous flow of knowledge generation reveals a complex ecosystem that requires coordination efforts to manage interdependencies in crowd work. To tackle this challenging problem, this paper extends to the context of urban emergency management the results of a previous study that investigates how crowd work is managed in crowdsourcing platforms applied to urban planning. The goal is to understand how crowdsourcing techniques and quality control dimensions used in urban planning could be used to support urban emergency management, especially in the context of mining-related dam outages. Through a systematic literature review, our study makes a comparison between crowdsourcing tools designed for urban planning and urban emergency management and proposes a five-dimension typology of quality in crowdsourcing, which can be leveraged for optimizing urban planning and emergency management processes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s19235235","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,28]],"date-time":"2019-11-28T10:54:10Z","timestamp":1574938450000},"page":"5235","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Crowdsourcing as a Tool for Urban Emergency Management: Lessons from the Literature and Typology"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Ramon","family":"Chaves","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Inform\u00e1tica, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (PPGI\/UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro 21941-590, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Schneider","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"T\u00e9rcio Pacitti Institute of Computer Applications and Research (NCE\/UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro 21941-916, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Ant\u00f3nio","family":"Correia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INESC TEC and University of Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal"},{"name":"School of Computing, University of Kent, Canterbury CT2 7NT, UK"}]},{"given":"Claudia L. R.","family":"Motta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Inform\u00e1tica, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (PPGI\/UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro 21941-590, Brazil"},{"name":"T\u00e9rcio Pacitti Institute of Computer Applications and Research (NCE\/UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro 21941-916, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Marcos R. S.","family":"Borges","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Inform\u00e1tica, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (PPGI\/UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro 21941-590, Brazil"},{"name":"School of Engineering at San Sebasti\u00e1n, TECNUN, University of Navarra, Donostia, 20018 San Sebasti\u00e1n, Spain"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cities.2011.11.009","article-title":"Disaster and emergency management systems in urban areas","volume":"29","author":"Kapucu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cities"},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"345","article-title":"Architecture for gathering and integrating collaborative information for decision support in emergency situations","volume":"12","author":"Marino","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Inf. Commun. 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