{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]],"date-time":"2026-04-07T03:39:23Z","timestamp":1775533163138,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":97,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,22]],"date-time":"2020-10-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1603324800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Marie Sk\u0142odowska Curie Actions ITN AffecTech (ERC H2020 Project 1117 ID: 722022)","award":["722022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["722022"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Research in the use of ubiquitous technologies, tracking systems and wearables within mental health domains is on the rise. In recent years, affective technologies have gained traction and garnered the interest of interdisciplinary fields as the research on such technologies matured. However, while the role of movement and bodily experience to affective experience is well-established, how to best address movement and engagement beyond measuring cues and signals in technology-driven interactions has been unclear. In a joint industry-academia effort, we aim to remodel how affective technologies can help address body and emotional self-awareness. We present an overview of biosignals that have become standard in low-cost physiological monitoring and show how these can be matched with methods and engagements used by interaction designers skilled in designing for bodily engagement and aesthetic experiences. Taking both strands of work together offers unprecedented design opportunities that inspire further research. Through first-person soma design, an approach that draws upon the designer\u2019s felt experience and puts the sentient body at the forefront, we outline a comprehensive work for the creation of novel interactions in the form of couplings that combine biosensing and body feedback modalities of relevance to affective health. These couplings lie within the creation of design toolkits that have the potential to render rich embodied interactions to the designer\/user. As a result we introduce the concept of \u201corchestration\u201d. By orchestration, we refer to the design of the overall interaction: coupling sensors to actuation of relevance to the affective experience; initiating and closing the interaction; habituating; helping improve on the users\u2019 body awareness and engagement with emotional experiences; soothing, calming, or energising, depending on the affective health condition and the intentions of the designer. Through the creation of a range of prototypes and couplings we elicited requirements on broader orchestration mechanisms. First-person soma design lets researchers look afresh at biosignals that, when experienced through the body, are called to reshape affective technologies with novel ways to interpret biodata, feel it, understand it and reflect upon our bodies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s20215968","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,22]],"date-time":"2020-10-22T20:51:00Z","timestamp":1603399860000},"page":"5968","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Biosensing and Actuation\u2014Platforms Coupling Body Input-Output Modalities for Affective Technologies"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8942-5843","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miquel","family":"Alfaras","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"PLUX Wireless Biosignals, Avenida 5 de Outubro 70, 1050-059 Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"Departament d\u2019Enginyeria i Ci\u00e8ncia dels Computadors, RobInLab, Universitat Jaume I, Avinguda de Vicent Sos Baynat, s\/n, 12071 Castell\u00f3, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7128-538X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"William","family":"Primett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PLUX Wireless Biosignals, Avenida 5 de Outubro 70, 1050-059 Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"Departamento de F\u00edsica, LIBPhys FCT\u2014UNL Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Largo da Torre, 2825-149 Caparica, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0017-9827","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammad","family":"Umair","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Computing and Communications Department, InfoLab21, Lancaster University, Bailrigg, Lancaster LA1 4WA, UK"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4481-4298","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Charles","family":"Windlin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Media Technology and Interaction Design, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Brinellv\u00e4gen 8, 114 28 Stockholm, Sweden"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0874-3338","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pavel","family":"Karpashevich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Media Technology and Interaction Design, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Brinellv\u00e4gen 8, 114 28 Stockholm, Sweden"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7228-4725","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Niaz","family":"Chalabianloo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Computer Engineering Department, Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i University, Rumeli Hisar\u0131, 34470 Sar\u0131yer\/Istanbul, Turkey"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0050-0115","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dionne","family":"Bowie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Computing and Communications Department, InfoLab21, Lancaster University, Bailrigg, Lancaster LA1 4WA, UK"},{"name":"Research and Innovation Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Beckett St, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9297-9612","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Corina","family":"Sas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Computing and Communications Department, InfoLab21, Lancaster University, Bailrigg, Lancaster LA1 4WA, UK"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5620-6305","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro","family":"Sanches","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Media Technology and Interaction Design, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Brinellv\u00e4gen 8, 114 28 Stockholm, Sweden"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0002-4825","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kristina","family":"H\u00f6\u00f6k","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Media Technology and Interaction Design, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Brinellv\u00e4gen 8, 114 28 Stockholm, Sweden"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7632-7067","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cem","family":"Ersoy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Computer Engineering Department, Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i University, Rumeli Hisar\u0131, 34470 Sar\u0131yer\/Istanbul, Turkey"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4022-7424","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hugo","family":"Gamboa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de F\u00edsica, LIBPhys FCT\u2014UNL Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Largo da Torre, 2825-149 Caparica, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1109\/MPRV.2019.2925338","article-title":"A Decade of Ubiquitous Computing Research in Mental 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