{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T00:10:16Z","timestamp":1760227816376,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,29]],"date-time":"2022-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1651190400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"European Structural and Investment Funds","award":["POCI-01-0247-FEDER-39479"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["POCI-01-0247-FEDER-39479"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Machine end-effector kinematic analysis is critical to optimizing transporting components where inertial forces are the main loads. While displacements may be measured with relatively high accuracy in transportation equipment motors, the inertial forces in the transported components are seldom optimized. This is especially relevant in electronic component placement systems, where the components have a wide range of configurations (i.e., geometry and mass) and the deployment dimensional\/geometric tolerances are remarkably good. The optimization of these systems requires the monitoring of the real position of the accelerometers relative to the measurement point of interest with sufficient accuracy that allows the assembly position to be predicted instantaneously. This study shows a novel method to calibrate this equipment using triaxial accelerometers on a surface mount machine to measure the end-effector accelerations and velocities in its planar motion. The dynamic equations of the system and the method for integration are presented to address the uncertainty on the exact position of the accelerometer sensors relative to the measuring point of interest exist and allow the position correction to optimize response and accuracy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s22093423","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,2]],"date-time":"2022-05-02T07:08:58Z","timestamp":1651475338000},"page":"3423","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["A Novel Route to Optimize Placement Equipment Kinematics by Coupling Capacitive Accelerometers"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Veiga","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"MEtRICs Research Center, Campus of Azur\u00e9m, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Susana","family":"Lima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MEtRICs Research Center, Campus of Azur\u00e9m, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Lu\u00eds","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MEtRICs Research Center, Campus of Azur\u00e9m, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"}]},{"given":"V\u00edtor Hugo","family":"Carneiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MEtRICs Research Center, Campus of Azur\u00e9m, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"}]},{"given":"M\u00e1rio","family":"Pinh\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bosch Car Multimedia, Rua Max Grundig, 4705-820 Braga, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8491-6048","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arminda Manuela","family":"Gon\u00e7alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DMAT-Department of Mathematics, Campus of Azur\u00e9m, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"},{"name":"CMAT-Center of Mathematics, Campus of Azur\u00e9m, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1900-8059","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Teresa","family":"Malheiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DMAT-Department of Mathematics, Campus of Azur\u00e9m, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"},{"name":"CMAT-Center of Mathematics, Campus of Azur\u00e9m, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"}]},{"given":"\u00c1lvaro Miguel","family":"Sampaio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IPC\u2014Institute for Polymers and Composites, Department of Polymer Engineering, University of Minho, Campus of Azur\u00e9m, 4800-058 Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"},{"name":"DONE Lab\u2014Advanced Manufacturing of Products and Tools, Campus of Azur\u00e9m, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Meireles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MEtRICs Research Center, Campus of Azur\u00e9m, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8964-400X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ant\u00f3nio J.","family":"Pontes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IPC\u2014Institute for Polymers and Composites, Department of Polymer Engineering, University of Minho, Campus of Azur\u00e9m, 4800-058 Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"},{"name":"DONE Lab\u2014Advanced Manufacturing of Products and Tools, Campus of Azur\u00e9m, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4917-2474","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Machado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MEtRICs Research Center, Campus of Azur\u00e9m, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"031010","DOI":"10.1115\/1.3072157","article-title":"Robust Design of Inertial Measurement Units Based on Accelerometers","volume":"131","author":"Qin","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. 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