{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,20]],"date-time":"2026-04-20T22:11:05Z","timestamp":1776723065635,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]],"date-time":"2025-11-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762905600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Union through the Interregional Innovation Investments","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Ref. 101180300"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Ref. 101180300"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"FCT\u2014Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","award":["2025.01709.BD"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025.01709.BD"]}]},{"name":"FCT\u2014Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","award":["2025.04122.BDANA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025.04122.BDANA"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Smart furniture represents a growing field that integrates Internet of Things (IoT), embedded systems and assistive technologies, yet lacks a comprehensive synthesis of its components and applications. This PRISMA-guided systematic review analysed 35 studies published between 2014 and 2024, sourced from PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus. The included studies presented prototypes of smart furniture that used IoT, sensors or automation. The focus was on extracting data related to technological configurations, functional uses, validation methods, maturity levels and commercialisation. Three technological pillars emerged, data collection (n = 31 studies), transmission\/processing (n = 30), and actuation (n = 22), often combined into multifunctional systems (n = 14). Health monitoring was the dominant application (n = 15), followed by environmental control (n = 8) and assistive functions for older adults (n = 8). Validation methods varied; 37% relied solely on laboratory testing, while 20% only involved end-users. Only one solution surpassed Technology Readiness Level (TRL) 7 and is currently on the market. Current research remains pre-commercial, with gaps in AI integration, long-term validation, and participatory design. Smart furniture shows promise for healthcare and independent living, but requires standardised evaluation, ethical data practices, and co-creation to achieve market readiness.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s25226900","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]],"date-time":"2025-11-12T10:56:47Z","timestamp":1762945007000},"page":"6900","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Exploring Smart Furniture: A Systematic Review of Integrated Technologies, Functionalities, and Applications"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3573-7232","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"In\u00eas","family":"Mimoso","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"RISE\u2014Health, Competence Center for Active and Healthy Ageing, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6826-5465","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcelo","family":"Brites-Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Competence Center for Active and Healthy Ageing, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6362-6786","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leovaldo","family":"Alc\u00e2ntara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RISE\u2014Health, Competence Center for Active and Healthy Ageing, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-6009-266X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria In\u00eas","family":"Morgado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RISE\u2014Health, Competence Center for Active and Healthy Ageing, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Gualter","family":"Morgado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"APIMA\u2014Associa\u00e7\u00e3o Portuguesa da Ind\u00fastria de Mobili\u00e1rio e Afins, Rua da Constitui\u00e7\u00e3o 395, 4200-199 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1202-0979","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"In\u00eas","family":"Saavedra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SHINE 2Europe, Rua C\u00e2mara Pestana, Lote 3\u20141\u00b0D\/F, 3030-163 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2108-5018","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francisco Jos\u00e9 Melero","family":"Mu\u00f1oz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Technological Research Centre of Furniture and Wood of the Region of Murcia, 30510 Murcia, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5750-7238","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juliana","family":"Louceiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SHINE 2Europe, Rua C\u00e2mara Pestana, Lote 3\u20141\u00b0D\/F, 3030-163 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1158-1480","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"El\u00edsio","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RISE\u2014Health, Competence Center for Active and Healthy Ageing, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Research on Design Trends and User Experience of Smart Home Furniture","volume":"9","author":"Xu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Appl. Math. Nonlinear Sci."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1080\/17508975.2024.2418648","article-title":"Aligning smart home technology attributes with users\u2019 preferences: A literature review","volume":"16","author":"Samancioglu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Intell. Build. Int."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101043","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aei.2020.101043","article-title":"IoT-enabled smart appliances under industry 4.0: A case study","volume":"43","author":"Aheleroff","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adv. Eng. Inform."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94822","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2019.2927778","article-title":"Smart furniture as a component of a smart city\u2014Definition based on key technologies specification","volume":"7","author":"Krejcar","year":"2019","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Krejcar, O., Maresova, P., Brida, P., Barakovic, S., Husic, J.B., Kuca, K., and Selamat, A. (2020, January 25\u201328). Technology Analysis of Global Smart Furniture Development Using Patent Data. Proceedings of the 2020 ELEKTRO, Taormina, Italy.","DOI":"10.1109\/ELEKTRO49696.2020.9130210"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Maulana, F.I., Kurniawan, B.K., Pramono, A., Purnomo, A., Abdulah, M.E.B.Z., and Mohamed, M. (2024, January 4\u20135). Internet of Things for Smart Furniture: A Systematic Review. Proceedings of the 2024 International Conference on ICT for Smart Society (ICISS), Yogyakart, Indonesia.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICISS62896.2024.10750984"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1918","DOI":"10.3390\/encyclopedia4040125","article-title":"Healthy Aging in Place with the Aid of Smart Technologies: A Systematic Review","volume":"4","author":"Hu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Encyclopedia"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1007\/s10901-021-09888-z","article-title":"Smart home modification design strategies for ageing in place: A systematic review","volume":"37","author":"Ma","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Hous. Built Environ."},{"key":"ref_9","unstructured":"Mu\u00f1oz, F.J.M. (2023). Soluciones TIC para Envejecimiento Activo y Saludable en el Hogar, en el Puesto de Trabajo y en la Sociedad. [Ph.D. Thesis, Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Cartagena]."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.32734\/jsti.v26i2.15362","article-title":"Implementing Human-Centric Design in Developing a Multifunctional Chair and Storage Solution for Children","volume":"26","author":"Dangkua","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Sist. Tek. Ind."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"n160","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n160","article-title":"PRISMA 2020 explanation and elaboration: Updated guidance and exemplars for reporting systematic reviews","volume":"372","author":"Page","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-016-0384-4","article-title":"Rayyan\u2014A web and mobile app for systematic reviews","volume":"5","author":"Ouzzani","year":"2016","journal-title":"Syst. Rev."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Song, Z., Rahmadya, B., Sun, R., and Takeda, S. (2023). A Feasibility Study on Monitoring Earthquake-Caused Furniture Vibrations Using Radiofrequency Identification Sensor Tags. Sensors, 23.","DOI":"10.3390\/s23063279"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Haarman, J.A.M., de Vries, R.A.J., Harmsen, E.C., Hermens, H.J., and Heylen, D.K.J. (2020). Sensory Interactive Table (SIT)-Development of a Measurement Instrument to Support Healthy Eating in a Social Dining Setting. Sensors, 20.","DOI":"10.3390\/s20092636"},{"key":"ref_15","first-page":"565","article-title":"IntelliTable: Inclusively-Designed Furniture with Robotic Capabilities","volume":"242","author":"Prescott","year":"2017","journal-title":"Stud. Health Technol. Inform."},{"key":"ref_16","first-page":"345","article-title":"RemoTable: Sharing Daily Activities and Moods Using Smart Furniture","volume":"229","author":"Wallbaum","year":"2016","journal-title":"Stud. Health Technol. Inform."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5626","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2017.2721434","article-title":"Smart Sensory Furniture Based on WSN for Ambient Assisted Living","volume":"17","author":"Bleda","year":"2017","journal-title":"IEEE Sens. J."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1007\/s12062-020-09267-6","article-title":"Developing a Smart Home Solution Based on Personalized Intelligent Interior Units to Promote Activity and Customized Healthcare for Aging Society","volume":"13","author":"Hu","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Popul. Ageing"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jiang, W., Lu, D., and Zhao, N. (2023). A New Design Approach: Applying Optical Fiber Sensing to 3D-Printed Structures to Make Furniture Intelligent. Sustainability, 15.","DOI":"10.3390\/su152416715"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101273","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iot.2024.101273","article-title":"SAFE: An ICT platform for supporting monitoring, localization and rescue operations in case of earthquake","volume":"27","author":"Donato","year":"2024","journal-title":"Internet Things"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103030","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asej.2024.103030","article-title":"The behavioral smart furniture and its relevance to family emotional dynamics","volume":"15","author":"Fewella","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ain Shams Eng. J."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sakif, M.M., Ihalainen, T., Merilampi, S., Pet\u00e4jist\u00f6, S.M., Raumonen, P., Vuohijoki, T., and Virkki, J. (2024, January 17\u201322). Enabling Living Spaces Through Customizable NFC-Enabled Smart Table System. Proceedings of the 2024 18th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP), Glasgow, UK.","DOI":"10.23919\/EuCAP60739.2024.10501321"},{"key":"ref_23","unstructured":"Dong, W., and Long, Y. (2022, January 25\u201327). Research on Modern Intelligent Sofa Design for Solitary Youth. Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Robotics, and Communication (ICAIRC 2022), Fuzhou, China."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yan, D., Chang, M., Chen, S., and Wang, Y. (2023, January 24\u201326). Research on the design of cognitive intelligent furniture model. Proceedings of the 2023 IEEE 6th Information Technology, Networking, Electronic and Automation Control Conference (ITNEC), Chongqing, China.","DOI":"10.1109\/ITNEC56291.2023.10082182"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.5552\/drvind.2022.0002","article-title":"Smart Office Chairs with Sensors for Detecting Sitting Positions and Sitting Habits: A Review","volume":"73","author":"Domljan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Drv. Ind."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gro\u00dfkopp, S., Hoff, T.Z., Gerhardt, E.C., and Malburg, T. (2022, January 4\u20137). WeHub: The Social Center of Smart Homes. Proceedings of the MuC \u201922: Mensch und Computer 2022, Darmstadt, Germany.","DOI":"10.1145\/3543758.3547518"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shijia, Y., Weiqiang, Y., and Xiehua, Y. (2022, January 18\u201320). Design of the Smart Bedside Table Based on Single-Chip Microcomputer. Proceedings of the 2022 12th International Conference on Information Technology in Medicine and Education (ITME), Xiamen, China.","DOI":"10.1109\/ITME56794.2022.00159"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vandoorne-Feys, A., Nicoara, G.G., Carasel, I.S., Karpiak, M., Kocheski, N., Malheiro, B., Ribeiro, C., Justo, J., Silva, M., and Ferreira, P. (2021, January 26\u201329). Reconfigurable and Ergonomic Smart Desk An EPS@ISEP 2021 Project. Proceedings of the TEEM\u201921: Ninth International Conference on Technological Ecosystems for Enhancing Multiculturality, Barcelona, Spain.","DOI":"10.1145\/3486011.3486566"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Eguchi, S., Yazaki, Y., Kato, R., Arita, Y., Moriya, T., and Tanaka, H. (2020, January 25\u201330). Proto-chair: Posture-sensing smart furniture with 3D-printed auxetics. Proceedings of the CHI \u201920: CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Honolulu, HI, USA.","DOI":"10.1145\/3334480.3383036"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lee, H., Kang, D., Kwak, S.S., and Choi, J. (September, January 31). Designing Robotic Cabinets That Assist Users\u2019 Tidying Behaviors. Proceedings of the 2020 29th IEEE International Conference on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN), Naples, Italy.","DOI":"10.1109\/RO-MAN47096.2020.9223550"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100544","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mtener.2020.100544","article-title":"Green energy from working surfaces: A contact electrification\u2013enabled data theft protection and monitoring smart table","volume":"18","author":"Chandrasekhar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mater. Today Energy"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.4017\/gt.2020.19.04.392","article-title":"Modular smart furniture system for independent living of older adults: User experience study","volume":"19","author":"Merilampi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Gerontechnology"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Trivellin, E., Marseglia, M., Filieri, J., Lotti, G., Cantini, F., Tanzini, A., and Matteucci, E. (2020, January 16\u201320). Smart Garden (SMAG): A System of Outdoor Furniture Equipped with Artificial Intelligence. Proceedings of the Advances in Manufacturing, Production Management and Process Control (AHFE 2020), Virtual.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-51981-0_18"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nassar, M.A., Luxford, L., Cole, P., Oatley, G., and Koutsakis, P. (2019, January 10\u201312). Adaptive low-power wireless sensor network architecture for smart street furniture-based crowd and environmental measurements. Proceedings of the 2019 IEEE 20th International Symposium on \u201cA World of Wireless, Mobile and Multimedia Networks\u201d (WoWMoM), Washington, DC, USA.","DOI":"10.1109\/WoWMoM.2019.8793006"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gust, P., Kampa, S.P., Feller, N., Stein, M.V., Haase, I., and Virzi, V. (2018, January 13\u201314). Intelligent seating system with haptic feedback for active health support. Proceedings of the Future Technologies Conference (FTC) 2018, Vancouver, BC, Canada.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-02686-8_64"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Aryal, A., Anselmo, F., and Becerik-Gerber, B. (2018, January 15\u201318). Smart IoT desk for personalizing indoor environmental conditions. Proceedings of the IOT \u201918: 8th International Conference on the Internet of Things 2018, Santa Barbara, CA, USA.","DOI":"10.1145\/3277593.3277614"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Huh, J.H., and Seo, K. (2018, January 23\u201325). Artificial intelligence shoe cabinet using deep learning for smart home. Proceedings of the Advanced Multimedia and Ubiquitous Engineering. MUE FutureTech 2018, Salerno, Italy.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-13-1328-8_108"},{"key":"ref_38","unstructured":"Deng, X., Peng, Z., and Wu, W. (2017, January 16\u201317). A smart home center platform solution based on smart mirror. Proceedings of the 2017 3rd International Conference on Mechanical, Electronic and Information Technology Engineering (ICMITE 2017), Chengdu, China."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ciaramella, A., Bellintani, S., Savio, L., Carbonaro, C., Pagani, R., Pennacchio, R., Peretti, G., and Thiebat, F. (2018). Smart furniture and smart city. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, IOP Publishing.","DOI":"10.1088\/1757-899X\/365\/2\/022012"},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procs.2018.04.038","article-title":"The Emotive Couch\u2014Learning Emotions by Capacitively Sensed","volume":"130","author":"Rus","year":"2018","journal-title":"Procedia Comput. Sci."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"De Aguiar, C.H., Fateminasab, R., Frazelle, C.G., Scott, R., Wang, Y., Wooten, M.B., Green, K.E., and Walker, I.D. (2016, January 21\u201324). The networked, robotic home+furniture suite: A distributed, assistive technology facilitating aging in place. Proceedings of the 2016 IEEE International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering (CASE), Fort Worth, TX, USA.","DOI":"10.1109\/COASE.2016.7743522"},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rus, S., Braun, A., and Kuijper, A. (2017, January 26\u201328). E-textile couch: Towards smart garments integrated furniture. Proceedings of the Ambient Intelligence (AmI 2017), M\u00e1laga, Spain.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-56997-0_17"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yuliana, A., Felipe, O., Byron, S., Liliana, L., and Andres, V. (2014, January 22\u201324). Configuration of work environments with smart furniture. Proceedings of the 2014 III International Congress of Engineering Mechatronics and Automation (CIIMA), Cartagena, Colombia.","DOI":"10.1109\/CIIMA.2014.6983454"},{"key":"ref_44","unstructured":"Papadopoulos, I., Trigkas, M., Karagouni, G., Dedoulis, E., Papadopoulou, A., and Blanas, G. (2015, January 17\u201320). Techno-economic analysis of furniture innovation: Developing a green and smart furniture for mass production. Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on ICT in Agriculture, Food & Environment, Kavala, Greece."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Marshall, N., Bishop, K., Rahmat, H., Thompson, S., and Steinmetz-Weiss, C. (2024). Smart Street Furniture: User and Non-User Perspectives of the ChillOUT Hub. Land, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/land13122084"},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103508","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rineng.2024.103508","article-title":"Smartification furniture manufacturing: A furniture prototype with thermal-based sensors (Visions and Challenges)","volume":"24","author":"Fewella","year":"2024","journal-title":"Results Eng."},{"key":"ref_47","first-page":"3681","article-title":"Smart furniture technologies supporting functional employees\u2019 needs in workspace: A case study of office building in Egypt","volume":"11","author":"Aliaa","year":"2023","journal-title":"Civ. Eng. Arch."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2674","DOI":"10.1002\/asi.23349","article-title":"Conferences versus journals in computer science","volume":"66","author":"Vrettas","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100077","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sftr.2022.100077","article-title":"Overcoming the Valley of Death: A New Model for High Technology Startups","volume":"4","author":"Gbadegeshin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sustain. Futures"},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Raynaud, M., Goutaudier, V., Louis, K., Al-Awadhi, S., Dubourg, Q., Truchot, A., Brousse, R., Saleh, N., Giarraputo, A., and Debiais, C. (2021). Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on publication dynamics and non-COVID-19 research production. BMC Med. Res. Methodol., 21.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12874-021-01404-9"},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2743","DOI":"10.31557\/APJCP.2021.22.9.2743","article-title":"Publication charges associated with quality open access (OA) publishing and its impact on low middle income countries (LMICs), time to reframe research policies","volume":"22","author":"Singh","year":"2021","journal-title":"Asian Pac. J. Cancer Prev. APJCP"},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e008059","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjgh-2021-008059","article-title":"Strengthening research capacity: A systematic review of manuscript writing and publishing interventions for researchers in low-income and middle-income countries","volume":"7","author":"Busse","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMJ Glob. Health"},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1186\/s40594-022-00352-0","article-title":"A social cognitive perspective on gender disparities in self-efficacy, interest, and aspirations in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM): The influence of cultural and gender norms","volume":"9","author":"Chan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. STEM Educ."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e17499","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2023.e17499","article-title":"Factors associated with the gender gap in the STEM sector: Comparison of theoretical and empirical concept maps and qualitative SWOT analysis","volume":"9","year":"2023","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5419","DOI":"10.1007\/s12652-019-01577-8","article-title":"Enhancing street-level interactions in smart cities through interactive and modular furniture","volume":"13","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Ambient Intell. Humaniz. Comput."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.56982\/dream.v2i10.195","article-title":"Interoperable IoT Devices and Systems for Smart Homes: A Data Analytics Approach to Enhance User Experience and Energy Efficiency","volume":"2","author":"Elmi","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Digit. Realism Mastery (DREAM)"},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54574","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.2981315","article-title":"Health\u2013related ICT solutions of smart environments for elderly\u2013systematic review","volume":"8","author":"Maresova","year":"2020","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Franc\u00e9s Morcillo, L., Morer-Camo, P., Isabel Rodriguez Ferradas, M., and Caz\u00f3n Mart\u00edn, A. (2020). The Wearable Co-Design Domino: A User-Centered Methodology to Co-Design and Co-Evaluate Wearables. Sensors, 20.","DOI":"10.3390\/s20102934"},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e28384","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e28384","article-title":"A systematic review of research on sitting and working furniture ergonomic from 2012 to 2022: Analysis of assessment approaches","volume":"10","author":"Bai","year":"2024","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lindsay, S., Jackson, D., Schofield, G., and Olivier, P. (2012, January 5\u201310). Engaging older people using participatory design. Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Austin, TX, USA.","DOI":"10.1145\/2207676.2208570"},{"key":"ref_61","first-page":"53","article-title":"Benefits of Co-design in Service Design Projects","volume":"5","author":"Steen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. J. Des."},{"key":"ref_62","unstructured":"Zuboff, S. (2019). The Age of Surveillance Capitalism: The Fight for a Human Future at the New Frontier of Power, Public Affairs."},{"key":"ref_63","unstructured":"WHO (2025, September 08). Leapfrogging to a Healthy Ageing Society Through Inclusive Technology. Available online: https:\/\/www.who.int\/china\/news\/feature-stories\/detail\/leapfrogging-to-a-healthy-ageing-society-through-inclusive-technology."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77364","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.2990123","article-title":"Artificial intelligence for smart renewable energy sector in europe\u2014Smart energy infrastructures for next generation smart cities","volume":"8","author":"Lytras","year":"2020","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"ref_65","first-page":"2829","article-title":"Usability and User Experience Evaluation in Intelligent Environments: A Review and Reappraisal","volume":"41","author":"Ntoa","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Hum.-Comput. Interact."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1186\/s40561-015-0012-0","article-title":"Development and validation of the smart classroom inventory","volume":"2","author":"Li","year":"2015","journal-title":"Smart Learn. Environ."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhcs.2017.06.005","article-title":"When we talk about older people in HCI, who are we talking about? Towards a \u2018turn to community\u2019in the design of technologies for a growing ageing population","volume":"108","author":"Righi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Hum.-Comput. Stud."},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103045","DOI":"10.1016\/j.technovation.2024.103045","article-title":"Customisation and co-creation revisited: Do user types and engagement strategies matter for product innovation success?","volume":"134","author":"Kraus","year":"2024","journal-title":"Technovation"},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Frischer, R., Krejcar, O., Maresova, P., Fadeyi, O., Selamat, A., Kuca, K., Tomsone, S., Teixeira, J.P., Madureira, J., and Melero, F.J. (2020). Commercial ICT smart solutions for the elderly: State of the art and future challenges in the smart furniture sector. Electronics, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/electronics9010149"},{"key":"ref_70","unstructured":"Markowski, N., Grosser, K., and Kuhl, R. (2008). Analysis of barriers and obstacles in knowledge transfer between universities and SME. Duesseldorf Working Papers in Applied Management and Economics, Duesseldorf University of Applied Sciences."},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1108\/02634500910944995","article-title":"Innovation and performance in SME furniture industries: An international comparative case study","volume":"27","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mark. Intell. Plan."},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Merilampi, S., Leino, M., Huhtasalo, J., Jyr\u00e4koski, T., Tchuenbou-Magaia, F., Morrissey, H., Tokarz, K., Koivisto, A., Pet\u00e4jist\u00f6, S.-M., and Virkki, J. (2025). Exploring Smart Furniture\u2019s Benefits and Use Cases for End Users and Care Professionals. J. Ambient. Intell. Smart Environ.","DOI":"10.20944\/preprints202503.0965.v1"},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s10887-014-9110-z","article-title":"Catching up and falling behind","volume":"20","author":"Stokey","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Econ. Growth"}],"container-title":["Sensors"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1424-8220\/25\/22\/6900\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]],"date-time":"2025-11-12T11:00:53Z","timestamp":1762945253000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1424-8220\/25\/22\/6900"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]]},"references-count":73,"journal-issue":{"issue":"22","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]}},"alternative-id":["s25226900"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/s25226900","relation":{},"ISSN":["1424-8220"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1424-8220","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]]}}}