{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,4]],"date-time":"2026-04-04T00:52:56Z","timestamp":1775263976151,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":93,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,10]],"date-time":"2009-09-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1252540800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Quantum dots are nanometre-scale semiconductor crystals with unique optical properties that are advantageous for the development of novel chemical sensors and biosensors. The surface chemistry of luminescent quantum dots has encouraged the development of multiple probes based on linked recognition molecules such as peptides, nucleic acids or small-molecule ligands. This review overviews the design of sensitive and selective nanoprobes, ranging from the type of target molecules to the optical transduction scheme. Representative examples of quantum dot-based optical sensors from this fast-moving field have been selected and are discussed towards the most promising directions for future research.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s90907266","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,11]],"date-time":"2009-09-11T03:22:26Z","timestamp":1252639346000},"page":"7266-7286","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":430,"title":["Semiconductor Quantum Dots in Chemical Sensors and Biosensors"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Manuela  F.","family":"Frasco","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Crete, Vassilika Voutes, 71003 Iraklion, Crete, Greece"}]},{"given":"Nikos","family":"Chaniotakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Crete, Vassilika Voutes, 71003 Iraklion, Crete, Greece"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2013","DOI":"10.1126\/science.281.5385.2013","article-title":"Semiconductor nanocrystals as fluorescent biological labels","volume":"281","author":"Bruchez","year":"1998","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2016","DOI":"10.1126\/science.281.5385.2016","article-title":"Quantum dot bioconjugates for ultrasensitive nonisotopic detection","volume":"281","author":"Chan","year":"1998","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.1248","article-title":"Quantum dots versus organic dyes as fluorescent labels","volume":"5","author":"Grabolle","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat. 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