{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T23:06:12Z","timestamp":1776985572360,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,18]],"date-time":"2022-11-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668729600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Eramus+ LIMEdiat\u2212 Licence Europ\u00e9enne en M\u00e9diation pour l\u2019Inclusion Sociale (European Degree in Mediation for Social Inclusion)","award":["-2020-1-FR01-KA203-079934"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["-2020-1-FR01-KA203-079934"]}]},{"name":"University of Minho (Portugal)","award":["-2020-1-FR01-KA203-079934"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["-2020-1-FR01-KA203-079934"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Social Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This research aimed to analyze the perception of conflict in universities and the ways of dealing with it in relation to the 17 Sustainable Development Goals of the United Nations. The research was developed from a quantitative approach in three universities in two European countries: the University of Murcia and Complutense University of Madrid (Spain) and University of Minho (Portugal). The sample consisted of 247 university students and the technique used was an ad hoc survey administered online. Among the main research results we can highlight that (a) the perception of conflict is mostly negative; (b) there are predictive variables in the positive view of conflict; and (c) university students clearly identify the peaceful resolution of conflicts with some of the Sustainable Development Goals. The main conclusions are that conflict is inherent to any organization and the university must be sensitive to the conflicts that occur within it. It is therefore necessary to create intra-university mediation services as a conflict resolution resource for the entire university community. Training and a positive view of conflict favors the construction of a citizenry capable of dialogue and of resolving the conflicts that arise in their adult life.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/socsci11110529","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,21]],"date-time":"2022-11-21T04:13:36Z","timestamp":1669004016000},"page":"529","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Analysis of the Perception of Conflict and Its Positive Resolution in University Students"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6871-7265","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 \u00c1ngel","family":"Mart\u00ednez-L\u00f3pez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Social Work Faculty, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain"}]},{"given":"Jer\u00f3nimo","family":"Molina Cano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Social Work Faculty, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8998-6272","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pilar","family":"Munuera G\u00f3mez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Social Work Faculty, University Complutense, 28223 Madrid, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8598-7243","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Maria Costa e","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Estudos de Comunicacao e Sociedade, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"368","article-title":"Conflict Management Strategies and Administrative Effectiveness in Nigerian Universities","volume":"3","author":"Adeyemi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Emerging Trends in Educational Research and Policy Studies"},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"\u00c1lzate, Ram\u00f3n (1998). An\u00e1lisis y Resoluci\u00f3n de Conflictos: Una Perspectiva Psicol\u00f3gica, Universidad del Pa\u00eds Vasco."},{"key":"ref_3","unstructured":"Baldridge, J. Victor (1971). Power and Conflict in the University, John Wiley."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1002\/crq.18","article-title":"Structural sources of conflict in a university context","volume":"20","author":"Barsky","year":"2002","journal-title":"Conflict Resolution Quarterly"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1177\/002200277902300207","article-title":"ICPSR: Resources for the Study of Conflict Resolution: The Inter-University Consortium for Political and Social Research","volume":"23","author":"Beattie","year":"1979","journal-title":"Journal of Conflict Resolution"},{"key":"ref_6","unstructured":"Briefs (1992). West Virginia Students Barred From Returning to Class. The Chronicle of Higher Education, 25, A4."},{"key":"ref_7","unstructured":"Burton, John W. (1969). Conflict and Communication: The Use of International Relations, Macmillan."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1002\/crq.164","article-title":"The Roles of External Ethnoguarantors and Primary Mediators in Cyprus and Northern Ireland","volume":"24","author":"Byrne","year":"2007","journal-title":"Conflict Resolution Quarterly"},{"key":"ref_9","first-page":"1","article-title":"La mediaci\u00f3n: Herramienta para la gesti\u00f3n de conflictos en la escuela","volume":"16","year":"2012","journal-title":"Revista de Educaci\u00f3n Social"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cobb, Sara, and Rifkin, Janet (2017). Practice and Paradox: Deconstructing Neutrality in Mediation, Wiley.","DOI":"10.4324\/9781315259604-8"},{"key":"ref_11","unstructured":"Coleman, Peter T., Deutsch, Morton, and Marcus, Eric C. (2014). The Handbook of Conflict Resolution: Theory and Practice, John Wiley & Sons."},{"key":"ref_12","first-page":"46","article-title":"Gest\u00e3o de conflitos, comportamentos de comprometimento e de cidadania organizacional em contexto educativo: Contributos para a formula\u00e7\u00e3o de um modelo concetual","volume":"4","author":"Cordeiro","year":"2018","journal-title":"European Journal of Applied Business Management"},{"key":"ref_13","unstructured":"Coser, Lewis A. (1967). Continuities in the Study of Social Conflicto, Free Press."},{"key":"ref_14","unstructured":"Dahrendorf, Ralf (1990). El Conflicto Social Moderno, Mondadori."},{"key":"ref_15","unstructured":"Dewey, John (1933). How We Think: A Restatement of the Relation of Reflective Thinking to the Educative Process, DC Heath."},{"key":"ref_16","first-page":"245","article-title":"Estudio sobre la gesti\u00f3n constructiva del conflicto en el alumnado de la Facultad de Trabajo Social de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid","volume":"28","author":"Dorado","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cuadernos de Trabajo Social"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1080\/01944369308975850","article-title":"Land-use negotiation: Reducing conflict and creating wanted land uses","volume":"59","author":"Dorius","year":"1993","journal-title":"Journal of American Planning Association"},{"key":"ref_18","first-page":"17","article-title":"Conflict management in the Nigerian university system","volume":"3","author":"Etim","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Educational and Social Research"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1177\/0022343301038003003","article-title":"Cyprus: Th e Failure of Mediation and the Escalation of an Identity-Based Conflict to an Adversarial Impasse","volume":"38","author":"Fisher","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Peace Research"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1080\/01944368708976450","article-title":"Planning in the face of conflict: Negohttiation and mediation strategy in local land use regulation","volume":"53","author":"Forester","year":"1987","journal-title":"Journal of American Planning Association"},{"key":"ref_21","unstructured":"Galtung, Johan (1975). Is Peaceful Research Possible? On the Methodology of Peaceful Research, Ejlers."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1353\/rhe.2012.0050","article-title":"Racial Diversity, Legitimacy, and the Citizenry: The Impactof Affirmative Action Bans on Graduate School Enrollment","volume":"36","author":"Garces","year":"2012","journal-title":"The Review of Higher Education"},{"key":"ref_23","unstructured":"Gergen, Kenneth J. (2012). Toward Transformation in Social Knowledge, Springer Science & Business Media."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1002\/he.36919959206","article-title":"\u201cCan\u2019t We Settle This?\u201d Student Conflicts in Higher Education and Options for Resolution","volume":"XXIII","author":"Gibson","year":"1995","journal-title":"New Directions of Higher Education"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00889655","article-title":"The three Rs of conflict management for department chairs and faculty","volume":"16","author":"Gmelch","year":"1991","journal-title":"Innovative Higher Education"},{"key":"ref_26","first-page":"55","article-title":"Analysis of the causes of conflicts at universities and alternative methods of resolving them. Part I: Mediation in academic disputes","volume":"30","year":"2021","journal-title":"Studia Iuridica Lublinensia [Lublinian Legal Studies]"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.15446\/rcp.v24n1.42081","article-title":"Moderaci\u00f3n de la relaci\u00f3n entre tensi\u00f3n laboral y malestar de profesores universitarios: Papel del conflicto y la facilitaci\u00f3n entre el trabajo y la familia","volume":"24","author":"Toro","year":"2015","journal-title":"Revista Colombiana de Psicolog\u00eda"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"G\u00f3mez-Gal\u00e1n, Jos\u00e9, L\u00e1zaro-P\u00e9rez, Cristina, and Mart\u00ednez-L\u00f3pez, Jos\u00e9 \u00c1ngel (2021). Trajectories of Victimization and Bullying at University: Prevention for a Healthy and Sustainable Educational Environment. Sustainability, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/su13063426"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"720","DOI":"10.1177\/0022002791035004008","article-title":"The first conflict resolution movement, 1956\u20131971: An attempt to institutionalize applied interdisciplinary social science","volume":"35","author":"Harty","year":"1991","journal-title":"Journal of Conflict Resolution"},{"key":"ref_30","first-page":"569","article-title":"The \u201cDefective Pressure-Cooker\u201d Syndrome: Dispute Process in the University","volume":"45","author":"Hobbs","year":"1974","journal-title":"The Journal of Higher Education"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1002\/he.36919959208","article-title":"Can\u2019t Live With Them, Can\u2019t Live. Without Them: Faculty and Administrators in Conflict","volume":"92","author":"Holton","year":"1995","journal-title":"New Directions for Higher Education"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1080\/14781158.2019.1667320","article-title":"Peace, justice and inclusive institutions: Overcoming challenges to the implementation of Sustainable Development Goal 16","volume":"32","author":"Hope","year":"2020","journal-title":"Global Change, Peace & Security"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-5914.2008.00383.x","article-title":"Social representations: The beautiful invention","volume":"38","author":"Jodelet","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2263","DOI":"10.1080\/01419870.2017.1344721","article-title":"The legitimacy of elite gatekeeping","volume":"40","author":"Karen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ethnic and Racial Studies"},{"key":"ref_35","first-page":"424","article-title":"Towards a Contingency Approach to Th ird Party Intervention in Regional Confl ict: A Cyprus Illustration","volume":"45","author":"Keashly","year":"1990","journal-title":"International Journal"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/crq.21314","article-title":"Collaborative governance: The role of university centers, institutes, and programs","volume":"39","author":"Kern","year":"2021","journal-title":"Conflict Resolution Quarterly"},{"key":"ref_37","first-page":"B1","article-title":"The Misuse of Mandatory Counseling","volume":"17","author":"Knight","year":"1995","journal-title":"The Chronicle of Higher Education"},{"key":"ref_38","first-page":"149","article-title":"Love relationships among college students","volume":"33","author":"Knox","year":"1999","journal-title":"College Student Journal"},{"key":"ref_39","first-page":"8","article-title":"Eight important things to know about The Experiential Learning Cycle","volume":"40","author":"Kolb","year":"2018","journal-title":"Australian Educational Leader"},{"key":"ref_40","unstructured":"Kriesberg, Louis (1998). Constructive Conflicts: From Escalation to Resolution, Rowman and Little filed."},{"key":"ref_41","unstructured":"Lederach, John Paul (1995). Preparing for Peace. Conflict Transformation Across Culture, Syracuse University Press."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1089\/cyber.2020.0675","article-title":"Mobile-Mediated Communication in Romantic Relationships: The Effects of Communication Indicators and Love Attitude on Relationship Quality","volume":"24","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cyberpsychology Behavior, and Social Networking"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1108\/IJCMA-05-2019-0080","article-title":"The impact of teaching-research conflict on job burnout among university teachers: An integrated model","volume":"31","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"International Journal of Conflict Management"},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.2307\/174806","article-title":"Conflict and Mediation in a Latin American University","volume":"19","author":"Lomnitz","year":"1977","journal-title":"Journal of Interamerican Studies and World Affairs"},{"key":"ref_45","unstructured":"Palenski, Joseph E., and Launer, Harold M. (1986). Thoughts on mediated disputes and their moral order. Mediation: Contexts and Challenges, US Departament of Justice."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"730","DOI":"10.1177\/0022002782026004009","article-title":"Sources of Japanese University Conflict: Organizational Structure and Issues","volume":"26","author":"Marsh","year":"1982","journal-title":"Journal of Conflict Resolution"},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.22201\/iisue.24486167e.2018.161.59079","article-title":"\u201cLa juventud desinteresada y pura\u201d: El movimiento estudiantil en la Universidad de C\u00f3rdoba, Argentina, 1918","volume":"40","author":"Marsiske","year":"2018","journal-title":"Perfiles Educativos"},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mart\u00ednez-Mart\u00edn, Rafael, and Lozano-Mart\u00edn, Antonio M. (2021). Sustainability and Conflict Management in the University Environment. Analysis of Students of the Degrees in Labour Relations and Human Resources, and Social Work at the University of Granada (Spain). Sustainability, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/su132313431"},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1108\/01409170310783862","article-title":"New developments concerning academic grievances","volume":"26","author":"Miklas","year":"2003","journal-title":"Management Research News"},{"key":"ref_50","unstructured":"Moore, Christopher. W. (2014). The Mediation Process: Practical Strategies for Resolving Conflict, John Wiley & Sons."},{"key":"ref_51","unstructured":"Moscovici, Serge, Deaux, Kay, and Philog\u00e8ne, Gina (2001). Why a theory of Social Representations?. Representations of the Social: Bridging Theoretical Traditions. Why a Theory of Representation, Blackwell."},{"key":"ref_52","first-page":"1","article-title":"Managing conflict situations for contemporary youth. Discourse and choice of strategy","volume":"40","author":"Motornaya","year":"2019","journal-title":"Revista ESPACIOS"},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1007\/s11528-022-00694-0","article-title":"Instructional Designers\u2019 Perceptions & Experiences of Collaborative Conflict with Faculty","volume":"66","author":"Mueller","year":"2022","journal-title":"TechTrends"},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nos Ald\u00e1s, Eloisa, Farn\u00e9, Alessandra, and Trujillo, Tamer Al Najjar (2021). Communication for Peaceful Social Change and Global Citizenry. Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-95960-3_131"},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Picado-Valverde, Eva Maria, Yurrebaso, Amaia, Guzm\u00e1n-Ordaz, Raquel, Nieto-Librero, Ana Bel\u00e9n, and Gonzalez-Garc\u00eda, Nerea (2022). Approach Developed According to Sustainable Development Goals and Challenges for Future Professionals in Social Intervention. Social Sciences, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/socsci11020067"},{"key":"ref_56","first-page":"35","article-title":"Juventud, narrativa y conflicto: Una aproximaci\u00f3n al estado del arte de su relaci\u00f3n","volume":"9","author":"Agudelo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Revista Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales, ni\u00f1ez y Juventud"},{"key":"ref_57","unstructured":"Redorta, Jos\u00e9 (2007). Entender el Conflicto: La Forma Como Herramienta, Paidos."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1002\/crq.21074","article-title":"Teaching conflict resolution: A model for student research in Cyprus","volume":"30","author":"Reilly","year":"2013","journal-title":"Conflict Resolution Quarterly"},{"key":"ref_59","unstructured":"Rommel, A., and Bailey, M. (2022, November 15). Conflict Resolution and Mediation Programs in Higher Education: Institutional Need, Benchmarking, Development, and Evaluation. Conflict Resolution and Mediation Benchmarking. Available online: https:\/\/www.rit.edu\/advance\/sites\/rit.edu.advance\/files\/docs\/."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.22458\/rr.v12i2.4344","article-title":"Juventud: Entre la reproducci\u00f3n, el di\u00e1logo y la confrontaci\u00f3n\/conflicto con el mundo adulto","volume":"12","author":"Sancho","year":"2022","journal-title":"Revista Rupturas"},{"key":"ref_61","unstructured":"Sen, Amartya (2003). Nuevo Examen de la Desigualdad, Alianza."},{"key":"ref_62","unstructured":"Shonholtz, Raymond (1977). Review of Alternative Dispute Mechanism and a Government Proposal for Neighborhood Justice Centers, Community Board Program."},{"key":"ref_63","unstructured":"Simmel, Georg (1955). Conflict and the Web of Intergroup Affiliations, Free Press."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1007\/s10755-007-9035-y","article-title":"An exploratory study of the conflict management styles of heads in a research university setting","volume":"32","author":"Stanley","year":"2007","journal-title":"Innovative Higher Education"},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1177\/002200278102500107","article-title":"Review Section: Mediation: An Analysis, Review, and Proposed Research","volume":"25","author":"Wall","year":"1981","journal-title":"Journal of Conflict Resolution"},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1002\/he.36919959212","article-title":"Conflict Management in Higher Education: A Review of Current Approaches","volume":"92","author":"Warters","year":"1995","journal-title":"New Directions for Higher Education"},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang, Deyu (2022). Exploring the Major Psychological Problems and Their Causes in Love from the Perspective of Social Psychology. 2022 8th International Conference on Humanities and Social Science Research (ICHSSR 2022), Atlantis Press.","DOI":"10.2991\/assehr.k.220504.287"}],"container-title":["Social Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2076-0760\/11\/11\/529\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:21:13Z","timestamp":1760145673000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2076-0760\/11\/11\/529"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,18]]},"references-count":67,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]}},"alternative-id":["socsci11110529"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/socsci11110529","relation":{},"ISSN":["2076-0760"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2076-0760","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,18]]}}}