{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T23:03:26Z","timestamp":1776467006420,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":119,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,22]],"date-time":"2022-11-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669075200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Social Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Sustainable entrepreneurship creates value beyond profit. Its role is increasingly important in addressing issues related to environmental challenges. Sustainable entrepreneurs represent a tool to attain the Sustainable Development Goals established by the United Nations that address climate change, social inequality, human rights, and economic development. To solve these challenges, there is a need for high-performing sustainable entrepreneurs. The roles of innovativeness, organizational capabilities, and philanthropic corporate social responsibility (CSR) in the performance of sustainable entrepreneurs are still underexplored. Hence, this study proposes an analysis of the indirect and direct effects of innovativeness on entrepreneurial self-efficacy (ESE) and social entrepreneurial self-efficacy (SESE) and of the mediating role of organizational capabilities and philanthropic CSR. Based on structural equation modeling and importance-performance matrix analysis, the findings from a survey of 116 sustainable entrepreneurs identified a positive relationship between innovativeness and ESE, organizational capabilities, and philanthropic CSR. The indirect relationship mediated by organizational capabilities was found to be positive, while for philanthropic CSR, it was positive for SESE but negative for ESE. Interestingly, it was found that SESE is only positively influenced in indirect relations. This study contributes to the literature on how innovativeness can promote ESE and SESE and the role of organizational capabilities and philanthropic CSR in enhancing performance among sustainable entrepreneurs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/socsci11120537","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,23]],"date-time":"2022-11-23T03:15:24Z","timestamp":1669173324000},"page":"537","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Sustainable Entrepreneurship: Comparing the Determinants of Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy and Social Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1046-0436","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarah","family":"Broccia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"DMOGG, ISCTE\u2014Instituto Universit\u00e1rio de Lisboa, 1649-026 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4074-1586","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u00c1lvaro","family":"Dias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DMOGG, ISCTE\u2014Instituto Universit\u00e1rio de Lisboa, 1649-026 Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"ECEO\/TRIE, Universidade Lus\u00f3fona, 1749-024 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4920-0498","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leandro","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DMOGG, ISCTE\u2014Instituto Universit\u00e1rio de Lisboa, 1649-026 Lisbon, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1142\/S1363919618500093","article-title":"The relationship among strategic orientations, organizational innovativeness, and business performance","volume":"22","author":"Acar","year":"2018","journal-title":"International Journal of Innovation Management"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/0749-5978(91)90020-T","article-title":"The theory of planned behavior","volume":"50","author":"Ajzen","year":"1991","journal-title":"Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1002\/smj.4250140105","article-title":"Strategic assets and organizational rent","volume":"14","author":"Amit","year":"1993","journal-title":"Strategic Management Journal"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1080\/15228916.2017.1346335","article-title":"Building capability for organizational success: An emerging market perspective","volume":"19","author":"Okpattah","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of African Business"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbusvent.2018.01.004","article-title":"Feeling capable and valued: A prosocial perspective on the linkbetween empathy and social entrepreneurial intentions","volume":"33","author":"Bacq","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Business Venturing"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02723327","article-title":"On the evaluation of structural equation models","volume":"16","author":"Bagozzi","year":"1988","journal-title":"Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"840","DOI":"10.1108\/SRJ-12-2019-0401","article-title":"Corporate social responsibility, innovation capability and firm performance: Evidence from SME","volume":"17","author":"Bahta","year":"2020","journal-title":"Social Responsibility Journal"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.84.2.191","article-title":"Self-efficacy: Toward a unifying theory of behavioral change","volume":"84","author":"Bandura","year":"1977","journal-title":"Psychological Review"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.37.2.122","article-title":"Self-efficacy mechanism in human agency","volume":"37","author":"Bandura","year":"1982","journal-title":"American Psychologist"},{"key":"ref_10","unstructured":"Bandura, Albert (1986). 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