{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,10]],"date-time":"2025-11-10T14:00:52Z","timestamp":1762783252389,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745366400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Social Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Although there is a growing body of research focused on the personality characteristics of victims and offenders, only a few studies have investigated both groups through robust and comprehensive measures of personality. The present study aimed to compare the PAI and MMPI-2-RF profiles between victims and offenders and investigate the influence of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) on their results. Samples of 107 female victims (age: M = 42.71; SD = 11.25) and 154 male inmates (age: M = 36.51; SD = 12.72) were compared, and statistically significant differences were found on several PAI and MMPI-2-RF scales. While the victims tended to score higher on scales such as Anxiety, Stress, Somatic Complaints and Thought Dysfunction, the inmates scored higher on scales related to Antisocial Traits, Drug Problems, and Aggressiveness-Revised, among others. Both groups reported a large number of ACEs, and linear regression analyses revealed that ACEs predicted PAI and MMPI-2-RF scores. A discriminant analysis also found that specific ACEs accurately discriminate psychological characteristics between victim and offender groups. In conclusion, the PAI and the MMPI-2-RF provided valuable information on the characteristics of victims and inmates, contributing to a better understanding of the nature of victimization and crime perpetration.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/socsci14050256","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T03:43:37Z","timestamp":1745379817000},"page":"256","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Personality Profiles of Victims of Intimate Partner Violence and Inmates: Contributions of the Personality Assessment Inventory and the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2-Restructured Form"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1204-7557","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mauro","family":"Paulino","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Research in Neuropsychology and Cognitive and Behavioral Intervention (CINEICC), Psychological Assessment and Psychometrics Laboratory, 3000-115 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidade Europeia, 1500-210 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5154-8955","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mariana","family":"Moniz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Research in Neuropsychology and Cognitive and Behavioral Intervention (CINEICC), Psychological Assessment and Psychometrics Laboratory, 3000-115 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Oct\u00e1vio","family":"Moura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Research in Neuropsychology and Cognitive and Behavioral Intervention (CINEICC), Psychological Assessment and Psychometrics Laboratory, 3000-115 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5368-0770","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Rijo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Research in Neuropsychology and Cognitive and Behavioral Intervention (CINEICC), Psychological Assessment and Psychometrics Laboratory, 3000-115 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000-115 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4670-6987","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rosa F.","family":"Novo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Psychology, University of Lisbon, 1649-013 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"given":"M\u00e1rio R.","family":"Sim\u00f5es","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Research in Neuropsychology and Cognitive and Behavioral Intervention (CINEICC), Psychological Assessment and Psychometrics Laboratory, 3000-115 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000-115 Coimbra, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1007\/s11896-018-9296-7","article-title":"Personality characteristics associated with different criminal typologies in a sample of Spanish inmates","volume":"35","author":"Abilleira","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Police and Criminal Psychology"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1745-9125.1992.tb01093.x","article-title":"Foundation for a general strain theory of crime and delinquency","volume":"30","author":"Agnew","year":"1992","journal-title":"Criminology"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.psych.53.100901.135231","article-title":"Human aggression","volume":"53","author":"Anderson","year":"2002","journal-title":"Annual Review of Psychology"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105459","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105459","article-title":"The global impact of adverse childhood experiences on criminal behavior: A cross-continental study","volume":"124","author":"Pereira","year":"2022","journal-title":"Child Abuse & Neglect"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.1080\/14789949.2020.1867225","article-title":"Aggressive personality and aggressive incidents: A pilot investigation of the Personality Assessment Inventory within forensic psychiatry","volume":"32","author":"Battaglia","year":"2021","journal-title":"The Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ben-Porath, Yossef S., and Tellegen, Auke (2011). 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