{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,6]],"date-time":"2026-04-06T13:14:18Z","timestamp":1775481258208,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":92,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,12]],"date-time":"2019-07-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1562889600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Social Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Although several countries have outlined national and multi-criteria definitions, family farming is not well defined in most countries including Portugal, making it difficult to assess its real importance as well as the reasons underlying the design and the success\/failure of particular policies. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the framing of family farming in the Portuguese political discourse by applying content analysis to a range of national policies and planning documents. The results show little reference to family farming in political documents and a conceptualization of family farming made in antagonism to professional or entrepreneurial farmers.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/socsci8070213","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,15]],"date-time":"2019-07-15T04:55:27Z","timestamp":1563166527000},"page":"213","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["The Concept of Family Farming in the Portuguese Political Discourse"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3948-3727","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isabel","family":"Dinis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Coimbra, 3045-601 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"CERNAS\u2014Research Centre for Natural Resources, Environment and Society, 3045-601 Coimbra, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1549-0831.1996.tb00629.x","article-title":"Attitudes and values of Scottish farmers: \u2018yeoman\u2019 and \u2018entrepreneur\u2019 as factors, not distinct types","volume":"61","author":"Austin","year":"1996","journal-title":"Rural Sociology"},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"907","article-title":"A agricultura e a quest\u00e3o da terra\u2014Do Estado Novo \u00e0 Comunidade Europeia","volume":"29","author":"Baptista","year":"1994","journal-title":"An\u00e1lise Social"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jrurstud.2010.07.001","article-title":"Recreation and agroforestry: Examining new dimensions of multifunctionality in family farms","volume":"26","author":"Barbieri","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Rural Studies"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1526\/003601108784514543","article-title":"Understanding the nature and extent of farm and ranch diversification in North America","volume":"73","author":"Barbieri","year":"2008","journal-title":"Rural Sociology"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.15547\/tjs.2017.s.01.051","article-title":"Analysis of direct payments distribution in Bulgarian agriculture","volume":"15","author":"Atanasov","year":"2017","journal-title":"Trakia Journal of Sciences"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1080\/00220388608421994","article-title":"Behavioural and material determinants of production relations in agriculture","volume":"22","author":"Binswanger","year":"1986","journal-title":"Journal of Development Studies"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.erss.2014.04.011","article-title":"Parliamentary and press discourses on sustainable energy in Italy: No harder paths, not yet soft paths","volume":"2","author":"Brondi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Energy Research and Social Science"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-8198.2007.00078.x","article-title":"Family Farms Are Still Around: Time to Invert the Old Agrarian Question","volume":"2","author":"Brookfield","year":"2008","journal-title":"Geography Compass"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brookfield, Harold, and Parsons, Helen (2007). 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