{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,10]],"date-time":"2026-01-10T19:23:40Z","timestamp":1768073020916,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,26]],"date-time":"2022-05-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1653523200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008530","name":"Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional (FEDER), Programa Operacional Regional Alentejo 2020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ALT20-03-0145-FEDER-000039"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ALT20-03-0145-FEDER-000039"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008530","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Soil Systems"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Soil acidity is a strong promoter of the bioavailability of Al, Fe, and Mn, whose concentrations can sometimes reach toxic levels for plants. In agricultural soils, the use of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) has shown a protective influence on wheat growth under Mn toxicity. The intact extraradical mycelium (ERM) promotes faster AMF colonization, leading to a higher wheat shoot weight, lower Mn uptake, and changes in antioxidant enzyme activity. Its effect on the uptake and distribution of plant nutrients according to the developmental stage of shoot organs has seldomly been analyzed. In the present study, Mn, Mg, Ca, and K were quantified by ICP\u2013MS in leaves and apical meristems of wheat grown in soil with two different ERM consortia, developed from the native plants Lolium rigidum (LOL) and Ornithopus compressus (ORN). The ORN treatment induced the highest wheat shoot weights and the lowest Mn levels. In the leaves, no significant differences were detected for Mg, Ca, or K, but in the apical meristems, the ORN treatment slightly lowered the Ca concentration. The AMF associated with ORN was seen to enhance wheat weight partly by protecting the zones of active growth against high Mn levels in Mn toxic soils. The use of ORN in acidic soils with Mn toxicity provides a sustainable alternative and an efficient complement to current farming practices to lower the negative impacts of farming on the environment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/soilsystems6020050","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,31]],"date-time":"2022-05-31T02:30:06Z","timestamp":1653964206000},"page":"50","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Manganese Uptake to Wheat Shoot Meristems Is Differentially Influenced by Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Fungal Communities Adapted to Acidic Soil"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2817-7943","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jorge M. S.","family":"Faria","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"INIAV, I.P., National Institute for Agrarian and Veterinarian Research, Quinta do Marqu\u00eas, 2780-159 Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"MED, Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development & CHANGE\u2014Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Institute for Advanced Studies and Research, \u00c9vora University, P\u00f3lo da Mitra, Ap. 94, 7006-554 \u00c9vora, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6035-6656","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dora Martins","family":"Teixeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HERCULES Laboratory, \u00c9vora University, Largo Marqu\u00eas de Marialva 8, 7000-809 \u00c9vora, Portugal"},{"name":"Chemistry and Biochemistry Department, Science and Technology School of \u00c9vora University, Rua Rom\u00e3o Ramalho n\u00b059, 7000-671 \u00c9vora, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Diana","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chemistry and Biochemistry Department, Science and Technology School of \u00c9vora University, Rua Rom\u00e3o Ramalho n\u00b059, 7000-671 \u00c9vora, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4075-3667","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro","family":"Barrulas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HERCULES Laboratory, \u00c9vora University, Largo Marqu\u00eas de Marialva 8, 7000-809 \u00c9vora, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2143-8792","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isabel","family":"Brito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MED, Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development & CHANGE\u2014Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Institute for Advanced Studies and Research, \u00c9vora University, P\u00f3lo da Mitra, Ap. 94, 7006-554 \u00c9vora, Portugal"},{"name":"Chemistry and Biochemistry Department, Science and Technology School of \u00c9vora University, Rua Rom\u00e3o Ramalho n\u00b059, 7000-671 \u00c9vora, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5511-5994","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Paula","family":"Pinto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MED, Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development & CHANGE\u2014Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Institute for Advanced Studies and Research, \u00c9vora University, P\u00f3lo da Mitra, Ap. 94, 7006-554 \u00c9vora, Portugal"},{"name":"Chemistry and Biochemistry Department, Science and Technology School of \u00c9vora University, Rua Rom\u00e3o Ramalho n\u00b059, 7000-671 \u00c9vora, Portugal"}]},{"given":"M\u00e1rio","family":"Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MED, Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development & CHANGE\u2014Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Institute for Advanced Studies and Research, \u00c9vora University, P\u00f3lo da Mitra, Ap. 94, 7006-554 \u00c9vora, Portugal"},{"name":"Chemistry and Biochemistry Department, Science and Technology School of \u00c9vora University, Rua Rom\u00e3o Ramalho n\u00b059, 7000-671 \u00c9vora, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5593","DOI":"10.1002\/ece3.5125","article-title":"Mycorrhiza-mediated interference between cover crop and weed in organic winter cereal agroecosystems: The mycorrhizal colonization intensity indicator","volume":"9","author":"Trinchera","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ecol. 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