{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T11:18:29Z","timestamp":1778152709554,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,17]],"date-time":"2023-07-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1689552000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sports"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) is a neurodevelopmental condition that emerges in childhood and its symptoms continue through adulthood. The Adult Developmental Coordination Disorders\/Dyspraxia Checklist was the first instrument used to screen adults with possible DCD. The psychometric characteristics of the Uzbek version of the scale were explored. An independent translation of the questionnaire from the original version into the Uzbek language was made. The sample comprised 301 Uzbekistan adults, aged between 17 and 42 years old (M = 20.66; SD = 2.26). Analyses were performed using R software (4.1.0). Descriptive analysis, exploratory factor analysis, and evidence of reliability in terms of internal consistency were assessed using the psych package (2.1.6), intraclass correlation coefficients were assessed using the irr package (0.84.1), and weighted Kappa were assessed using vcd package (1.4-10). To analyse the factor structure of the ADC scale, when applied to an Uzbekistan sample, exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was performed. In the Uzbek version, a one-factor structure was identified, and moderated psychometric properties were found, which makes it a possible alternative to the original scale when applied to adults. This Uzbek version reduces respondents\u2019 fatigue since it is smaller than the original one. More studies are needed to confirm the cut-off scores of this new version.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/sports11070135","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,18]],"date-time":"2023-07-18T01:31:32Z","timestamp":1689643892000},"page":"135","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Translation and Adaptation of the Adult Developmental Coordination Disorder\/Dyspraxia Checklist (ADC) into Asian Uzbekistan"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9557-2391","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Orifjon","family":"Saidmamatov","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Theory and Methodology of Physical Culture, Faculty of Physical Culture, Urgench State University, Urgench 220100, Uzbekistan"},{"name":"Motor Control and Learning Laboratory, CIFI2D, Centre of Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Jasurbek","family":"Jammatov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Theory and Methodology of Physical Culture, Faculty of Physical Culture, Urgench State University, Urgench 220100, Uzbekistan"}]},{"given":"Cl\u00e1udia","family":"Sousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Psychology, Education and Sports, Lus\u00f3fona University, 4000-098 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"RECI-Research Unit in Education and Community Intervention, Superior School of Health, Piaget Institute, Vila Nova de Gaia Portugal, 4405-678 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3596-9992","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rita","family":"Barros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RECI-Research Unit in Education and Community Intervention, Superior School of Health, Piaget Institute, Vila Nova de Gaia Portugal, 4405-678 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4505-0653","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Olga","family":"Vasconcelos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Motor Control and Learning Laboratory, CIFI2D, Centre of Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6018-3222","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paula","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Motor Control and Learning Laboratory, CIFI2D, Centre of Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Kinesiolab, Laboratory of Human Movement Analysis, Superior School of Sports and Education, Piaget Institute, 4405-678 Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"American Psychiatric Association (2022). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, American Psychiatric Association. [5th ed.]. Text Revision (DSM-5-TR\u2122).","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425787"},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"American Psychiatric Association (2013). DSM-5 Task Force, American Psychiatric Publishing, Inc.. [5th ed.]."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2644","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2014.07.002","article-title":"Executive function and attention in young adults with and without Developmental Coordination Disorder\u2014A comparative study","volume":"35","author":"Saban","year":"2014","journal-title":"Res. Dev. Disabil."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1177\/0308022616643100","article-title":"Performance difficulties, activity limitations and participation restrictions of adolescents with developmental coordination disorder (DCD)","volume":"79","author":"Connell","year":"2016","journal-title":"Br. J. Occup. Ther."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2021.104119","article-title":"Anxiety, confidence and self-concept in adults with and without developmental coordination disorder","volume":"119","author":"Harris","year":"2021","journal-title":"Res. Dev. Disabil."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1007\/s10882-021-09815-8","article-title":"Avoidance Behavior in Adults with Developmental Coordination Disorder is Related to Quality of Life","volume":"34","author":"Forde","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Dev. Phys. Disabil."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1177\/03080226221126892","article-title":"Emotional distress and quality of life among adults with developmental coordination disorder during COVID-19","volume":"86","author":"Engel","year":"2022","journal-title":"Br. J. Occup. Ther."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2015.05.009","article-title":"A review of five tests to identify motor coordination difficulties in young adults","volume":"41\u201342","author":"Hands","year":"2015","journal-title":"Res. Dev. Disabil."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103686","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2020.103686","article-title":"The role of poor motor coordination in predicting adults\u2019 health related quality of life","volume":"103","year":"2020","journal-title":"Res. Dev. Disabil."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sinani, C., Henderson, R.A., Yeo, S.-H., Vaughan, R.S., and Punt, T.D. (2023). Implicit Motor Sequence Learning in Adults with and without Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD). Adv. Neurodev. Disord., 1\u201311.","DOI":"10.1007\/s41252-023-00327-4"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1357","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2013.01.003","article-title":"Self-reported mood, general health, wellbeing and employment status in adults with suspected DCD","volume":"34","author":"Kirby","year":"2013","journal-title":"Res. Dev. Disabil."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.14132","article-title":"International clinical practice recommendations on the definition, diagnosis, assessment, intervention, and psychosocial aspects of developmental coordination disorder","volume":"61","author":"Blank","year":"2019","journal-title":"Dev. Med. Child Neurol."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Henderson, S.E., Sugden, D.A., and Barnett, A.L. (2007). Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2, Harcourt Assessment.","DOI":"10.1037\/t55281-000"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bruininks, R.H., and Bruininks, B.D. (2005). Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency, NCS Pearson. Inc.. [2nd ed.]. (BOT-2) [Database Record]. APA PsycTests.","DOI":"10.1037\/t14991-000"},{"key":"ref_15","unstructured":"Barnett, A.L., Kirby, A., van Waelvelde, H., and Weintraub, N. (2017, January 5\u20138). Features of DCD in adolescents and adults: A scoping review. Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on DCD, Fremantle, Australia."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2009.08.010","article-title":"The development and standardization of the Adult Developmental Co-ordination Disorders\/Dyspraxia Checklist (ADC)","volume":"31","author":"Kirby","year":"2010","journal-title":"Res. Dev. Disabil."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.5014\/ajot.2012.003251","article-title":"Adolescents and Adults Coordination Questionnaire: Development and Psychometric Properties","volume":"66","author":"Saban","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am. J. Occup. Ther."},{"key":"ref_18","first-page":"A50","article-title":"Development and Validation of the Functional Difficulties Questionnaire for Assessing Developmental Coordination Disorder in Adults","volume":"10","author":"Clark","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Orthop. Sports Phys. Ther."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1007\/s10804-011-9123-1","article-title":"Emerging Adulthood and Developmental Co-ordination Disorder","volume":"18","author":"Kirby","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Adult Dev."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1177\/0095798418771807","article-title":"Exploratory Factor Analysis: A Guide to Best Practice","volume":"44","author":"Watkins","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Black Psychol."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tinsley, H.E.A., and Brown, S.D. (2000). Handbook of Applied Multivariate Statistics and Mathematical Modelling, Academic Press.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-012691360-6\/50002-1"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1207\/S15327906MBR3801_2","article-title":"Recovery of Weak Common Factors by Maximum Likelihood and Ordinary Least Squares Estimation","volume":"38","author":"Briggs","year":"2003","journal-title":"Multivar. Behav. Res."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104254","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2022.104254","article-title":"The adult developmental coordination disorders\/dyspraxia checklist\u2014German: Adapted factor structure for the differentiation of DCD and ADHD","volume":"126","author":"Meachon","year":"2022","journal-title":"Res. Dev. Disabil."},{"key":"ref_24","unstructured":"Pestana, M.H., and Gageiro, J.M. (2020). An\u00e1lise de Dados Para Ci\u00eancias Sociais: A Complementaridade do SPSS, Edi\u00e7\u00f5es S\u00edlabo. [6th ed.]."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02289447","article-title":"A rationale and test for the number of factors in factor analysis","volume":"30","author":"Horn","year":"1965","journal-title":"Psychometrika"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1080\/10447318.2015.1087664","article-title":"Review of Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) Decisions and Overview of Current Practices: What We Are Doing and How Can We Improve?","volume":"32","author":"Howard","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Hum.Comput. Interact."},{"key":"ref_27","unstructured":"Mar\u00f4co, J. (2014). Fundamentos Te\u00f3ricos, Software & Aplica\u00e7\u00f5es, Lda. Report Number."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcm.2016.02.012","article-title":"A Guideline of Selecting and Reporting Intraclass Correlation Coefficients for Reliability Research","volume":"15","author":"Koo","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Chiropr. Med."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1590\/1677-5449.004216","article-title":"An\u00e1lise de concord\u00e2ncia em estudos cl\u00ednicos e experimentais","volume":"15","author":"Miot","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Vasc. Bras."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.2307\/2529310","article-title":"The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data","volume":"33","author":"Landis","year":"1997","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humov.2003.09.002","article-title":"Two distinct pathways for developmental coordination disorder: Persistence and resolution","volume":"22","author":"Cantell","year":"2003","journal-title":"Hum. Mov. Sci."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104010","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2021.104010","article-title":"Gender and age differences in the presentation of at-risk or probable Developmental Coordination Disorder in adults","volume":"115","author":"Cleaton","year":"2021","journal-title":"Res. Dev. Disabil."},{"key":"ref_33","first-page":"9","article-title":"Instrumentos de avalia\u00e7\u00e3o psicol\u00f3gica de pessoas idosas: Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e estudos de valida\u00e7\u00e3o em Portugal","volume":"2","year":"2012","journal-title":"Rev. Iberoam. Diagn\u00f3stico Evaluaci\u00f3n-E Avalia\u00e7\u00e3o Psicol\u00f3gica"},{"key":"ref_34","first-page":"35","article-title":"Enfoque de la evaluaci\u00f3n psicol\u00f3gica de la Revista Iberoamericana de Diagn\u00f3stico y Evaluaci\u00f3n Psicol\u00f3gica (RIDEP)","volume":"2","author":"LLorens","year":"2010","journal-title":"Rev. Iberoam. Diagn\u00f3stico Evaluaci\u00f3n-E Avalia\u00e7\u00e3o Psicol\u00f3gica"}],"container-title":["Sports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-4663\/11\/7\/135\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T20:13:30Z","timestamp":1760127210000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-4663\/11\/7\/135"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,17]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]}},"alternative-id":["sports11070135"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/sports11070135","relation":{},"ISSN":["2075-4663"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2075-4663","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,17]]}}}