{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]],"date-time":"2025-11-03T15:45:24Z","timestamp":1762184724763,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761868800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDP\/04748\/2020","UIDB\/04748\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/04748\/2020","UIDB\/04748\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"SPRINT Sport Physical Activity and Health Research & Innovation Center\u2014Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o & Inova\u00e7\u00e3o em Desporto Atividade F\u00edsica e Sa\u00fade, Portugal","award":["UID\/6185\/2025","UID\/PRR\/6185\/2025"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UID\/6185\/2025","UID\/PRR\/6185\/2025"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sports"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: This study investigates the precision of an inertial measurement unit (IMU) in evaluating the Finger Tapping Test (FTT) to differentiate motor control competencies in women with fibromyalgia, a clinical population characterized by motor impairments. Methods: The sample consisted of 240 FTT trials collected from 20 women, half of whom were diagnosed with fibromyalgia (F = 46.4 \u00b1 12.714; C = 45.9 \u00b1 12.950). Procedures consisted of participants completing FTT while data were collected from a high-speed camera and an IMU for linear acceleration and angular velocity, respectively. Analyses employed the Bland\u2013Altman technique with both parametric and bootstrap-derived limits of agreement and intraclass correlation coefficients to assess levels of agreement between traditional and IMU-derived methods. Results: The results showed a strong agreement at subject\u00d7hand aggregation for the number of taps (RPC = 4.3 and ICC = 0.94) and for the inter-tap interval (RPC = 0.02 and ICC = 0.89), indicating minimal differences between measurements and demonstrating the potential for highly sensitive motor function assessment using an IMU. Conclusions: These findings suggest that IMU technology can effectively detect subtle aspects of motor control, supporting its use in exercise, rehabilitation, and clinical physiotherapy settings, including functional training, adapted rehabilitation exercises, and home-based monitoring for fibromyalgia. This approach offers detailed insights into subtle motor impairments, emphasizing its value for both clinical and exercise applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/sports13110373","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]],"date-time":"2025-11-03T14:40:48Z","timestamp":1762180848000},"page":"373","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Precision of an Inertial System to Evaluate the Finger Tapping Test in Women with Fibromyalgia"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2220-339X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nancy","family":"Br\u00edgida","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sport Sciences School of Rio Maior (ESDRM), Santar\u00e9m Polytechnic University, Av. Dr. M\u00e1rio Soares, 110, 2040-413 Rio Maior, Portugal"},{"name":"Sport Physical Activity and Health Research & Innovation Center (SPRINT), Santar\u00e9m Polytechnic University, Complex Andaluz, Apart 279, 2001-904 Santar\u00e9m, Portugal"},{"name":"Physical Activity and Health\u2014Life Quality Research Center (CIEQV), Santar\u00e9m Polytechnic University, Complex Andaluz, Apart 279, 2001-904 Santar\u00e9m, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0759-8343","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Catela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sport Sciences School of Rio Maior (ESDRM), Santar\u00e9m Polytechnic University, Av. Dr. M\u00e1rio Soares, 110, 2040-413 Rio Maior, Portugal"},{"name":"Sport Physical Activity and Health Research & Innovation Center (SPRINT), Santar\u00e9m Polytechnic University, Complex Andaluz, Apart 279, 2001-904 Santar\u00e9m, Portugal"},{"name":"Quality Education\u2014Life Quality Research Center (CIEQV), Santar\u00e9m Polytechnic University, Complex Andaluz, Apart 279, 2001-904 Santar\u00e9m, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5146-6597","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristiana","family":"Merc\u00ea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sport Sciences School of Rio Maior (ESDRM), Santar\u00e9m Polytechnic University, Av. Dr. M\u00e1rio Soares, 110, 2040-413 Rio Maior, Portugal"},{"name":"Sport Physical Activity and Health Research & Innovation Center (SPRINT), Santar\u00e9m Polytechnic University, Complex Andaluz, Apart 279, 2001-904 Santar\u00e9m, Portugal"},{"name":"Physical Activity and Health\u2014Life Quality Research Center (CIEQV), Santar\u00e9m Polytechnic University, Complex Andaluz, Apart 279, 2001-904 Santar\u00e9m, Portugal"},{"name":"Interdisciplinary Center for the Study of Human Performance (CIPER), Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisbon, Cruz Quebrada-Dafundo, 1499-002 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5238-1069","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Branco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sport Sciences School of Rio Maior (ESDRM), Santar\u00e9m Polytechnic University, Av. Dr. M\u00e1rio Soares, 110, 2040-413 Rio Maior, Portugal"},{"name":"Sport Physical Activity and Health Research & Innovation Center (SPRINT), Santar\u00e9m Polytechnic University, Complex Andaluz, Apart 279, 2001-904 Santar\u00e9m, Portugal"},{"name":"Physical Activity and Health\u2014Life Quality Research Center (CIEQV), Santar\u00e9m Polytechnic University, Complex Andaluz, Apart 279, 2001-904 Santar\u00e9m, Portugal"},{"name":"Interdisciplinary Center for the Study of Human Performance (CIPER), Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisbon, Cruz Quebrada-Dafundo, 1499-002 Lisboa, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.4103\/jpcs.jpcs_11_17","article-title":"Decoding the Bland\u2013Altman plot: Basic review","volume":"3","author":"Kalra","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Pract. Cardiovasc. Sci."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2004299","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.2004299","article-title":"How measurement science can improve confidence in research results","volume":"16","author":"Plant","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS Biol."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3085","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-021-02768-7","article-title":"Continuous quality improvement in measure development: Lessons from building a novel clinical feedback system","volume":"30","author":"Nordberg","year":"2021","journal-title":"Qual. Life Res."},{"key":"ref_4","unstructured":"Reitan, R.M., and Wolfson, D. (1985). The Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Test Battery: Theory and Clinical Interpretation, Neuropsychology Press."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Goldstein, G., and Incagnoli, T. (1997). Contemporary Approaches to Neuropsychological Assessment, Plenum Press.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4757-9820-3"},{"key":"ref_6","unstructured":"Halstead, W.C. (1947). Brain and Intelligence; a Quantitative Study of the Frontal Lobes, University of Chicago Press."},{"key":"ref_7","unstructured":"Reitan, R.M. (1993). The Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Test Battery: Theory and Clinical Interpretation, Neuropsychology Press. [2nd ed.]."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Reynolds, C.R., and Fletcher-Janzen, E. (1997). Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Test Batteries for Children. Handbook of Clinical Child Neuropsychology, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4757-5351-6"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1093","DOI":"10.1080\/13854040903155063","article-title":"American Academy of Clinical Neuropsychology Consensus Conference Statement on the Neuropsychological Assessment of Effort, Response Bias, and Malingering","volume":"23","author":"Heilbronner","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin. Neuropsychol."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1365","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-018-8841-8","article-title":"Quantitative assessment of finger tapping characteristics in mild cognitive impairment, Alzheimer\u2019s disease, and Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"265","author":"Roalf","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.11336\/jjcrs.7.19","article-title":"Assessment of finger motor skills in individuals with mild cognitive impairment and patients with Alzheimer\u2019s disease: Relationship between finger-to-thumb tapping and cognitive function","volume":"7","author":"Suzumura","year":"2016","journal-title":"Jpn. J. Compr. Rehabil. Sci."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"664","DOI":"10.1080\/00222895.2017.1400947","article-title":"Association of Fine Motor Loss and Allodynia in Fibromyalgia: An fNIRS Study","volume":"50","author":"Eken","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Mot. Behav."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0228158","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0228158","article-title":"Mutual interaction between motor cortex activation and pain in fibromyalgia: EEG-fNIRS study","volume":"15","author":"Gentile","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gentile, E., Ricci, K., Vecchio, E., Libro, G., Delussi, M., Casas-Barrag\u00e0n, A., and de Tommaso, M. (2020). A Simple Pattern of Movement is not Able to Inhibit Experimental Pain in FM Patients and Controls: An sLORETA Study. Brain Sci., 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci10030190"},{"key":"ref_15","first-page":"107","article-title":"Motor cortex function in fibromyalgia: A pilot study involving near-infrared spectroscopy and co-recording of laser-evoked potentials","volume":"34","author":"Gentile","year":"2019","journal-title":"Funct. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Br\u00edgida, N., Catela, D., Merc\u00ea, C., and Branco, M. (2024). Predictability and Complexity of Fine and Gross Motor Skills in Fibromyalgia Patients: A Pilot Study. Sports, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/sports12040090"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.47197\/retos.v54.103134","article-title":"Variability of gross and fine motor control in different tasks in fibromyalgia patients","volume":"54","author":"Catela","year":"2024","journal-title":"Retos"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Volkmar, F.R. (2021). Finger-Tapping Test. Encyclopedia of Autism Spectrum Disorders, Springer International Publishing.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-91280-6"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Heilman, K.M., and Valenstein, E. (2003). Clinical Neuropsychology, Oxford University Press.","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780195133677.001.0001"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1017\/S1355617703000134","article-title":"Qualitative features of finger movement during the Halstead finger oscillation test following traumatic brain injury","volume":"9","author":"George","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Int. Neuropsychol. Soc."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1109670","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2023.1109670","article-title":"Clinical utility of paced finger tapping assessment in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus","volume":"17","author":"Shimizu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Hum. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_22","unstructured":"Lezak, M.D., Howieson, D.B., Bigler, E.D., and Tranel, D. (2012). Neuropsychological Assessment, Oxford University Press. [5th ed.]."},{"key":"ref_23","first-page":"4","article-title":"Advanced Analysis of Finger-Tapping Performance: A Preliminary Study","volume":"30","author":"Barut","year":"2013","journal-title":"Balk. Med. J."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.1007\/s00393-018-0558-7","article-title":"Assessment of hand function and disability in fibromyalgia","volume":"78","author":"Devrimsel","year":"2019","journal-title":"Z. Rheumatol."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.11613\/BM.2015.015","article-title":"Understanding Bland Altman analysis","volume":"25","author":"Giavarina","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biochem. Medica"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9681(79)90012-2","article-title":"Bias in analytic research","volume":"32","author":"Sackett","year":"1979","journal-title":"J. Chronic. Dis."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Trajkovi\u0107, G. (2008). Measurement: Accuracy and Precision, Reliability and Validity, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4020-5614-7_2081"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1063\/1.1338543","article-title":"Scale dependence, correlations, and fluctuations of stresses in rapid granular flows","volume":"13","author":"Glasser","year":"2001","journal-title":"Phys. Fluids"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(86)90837-8","article-title":"Statistical methods for assessing agreement between two methods of clinical measurement","volume":"1","author":"Bland","year":"1986","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tjem.2018.09.001","article-title":"Bland-Altman analysis: A paradigm to understand correlation and agreement","volume":"18","year":"2018","journal-title":"Turk. J. Emerg. Med."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Camomilla, V., Bergamini, E., Fantozzi, S., and Vannozzi, G. (2018). Trends Supporting the In-Field Use of Wearable Inertial Sensors for Sport Performance Evaluation: A Systematic Review. Sensors, 18.","DOI":"10.3390\/s18030873"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0164889","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0164889","article-title":"Measuring 3D Hand and Finger Kinematics\u2014A Comparison between Inertial Sensing and an Opto-Electronic Marker System","volume":"11","author":"Kortier","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Djuri\u0107-Jovi\u010di\u0107, M., Jovi\u010di\u0107, N.S., Roby-Brami, A., Popovi\u0107, M.B., Kosti\u0107, V.S., and Djordjevi\u0107, A.R. (2017). Quantification of Finger-Tapping Angle Based on Wearable Sensors. Sensors, 17.","DOI":"10.3390\/s17020203"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1186\/s12984-019-0612-y","article-title":"Wearable technology in stroke rehabilitation: Towards improved diagnosis and treatment of upper-limb motor impairment","volume":"16","author":"Popa","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Neuroeng. Rehabil."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bremm, R.P., Pavelka, L., Garcia, M.M., Mombaerts, L., Kr\u00fcger, R., and Hertel, F. (2024). Sensor-Based Quantification of MDS-UPDRS III Subitems in Parkinson\u2019s Disease Using Machine Learning. Sensors, 24.","DOI":"10.3390\/s24072195"},{"key":"ref_36","unstructured":"Schmidt, R., Lee, T., Winstein, C., Wulf, G., and Zelaznik, H. (2019). Motor Control and Learning: A Behavioral Emphasis, Library of Congress. [6th ed.]."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2872","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2017.2679136","article-title":"Refined Composite Multiscale Dispersion Entropy and its Application to Biomedical Signals","volume":"64","author":"Azami","year":"2017","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11295","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2024.3354898","article-title":"Precise 6-DOF Motion Tracking of Fine Motor Skills of Fingers Based on Wearable Magnetic Induction Sensors","volume":"24","author":"Kharitonov","year":"2024","journal-title":"IEEE Sens. J."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Oliveira, A., Dias, D., M\u00farias Lopes, E., Vilas-Boas, M.d.C., and Paulo Silva Cunha, J. (2020). SnapKi\u2014An Inertial Easy-to-Adapt Wearable Textile Device for Movement Quantification of Neurological Patients. Sensors, 20.","DOI":"10.3390\/s20143875"},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bisi, M.C., and Stagni, R. (2024). Sensor-Based Quantitative Assessment of Children\u2019s Fine Motor Competence: An Instrumented Version of the Placing Bricks Test. Sensors, 24.","DOI":"10.3390\/s24072192"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1349879","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2024.1349879","article-title":"Decreased wrist rotation imitation abilities in children with autism spectrum disorder","volume":"15","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1283","DOI":"10.1007\/s11257-024-09393-2","article-title":"Exploring raw data transformations on inertial sensor data to model user expertise when learning psychomotor skills","volume":"34","author":"Portaz","year":"2024","journal-title":"User Model. User-Adapt. Interact."},{"key":"ref_43","first-page":"44","article-title":"Development and standardisation of the Computerised Finger Tapping Test: Comparision with other finger tapping instruments","volume":"33","author":"Christianson","year":"2004","journal-title":"New Zealand J. Psychol."},{"key":"ref_44","unstructured":"(2025, October 22). Charmant, J. & Contributors, \u201cKinovea\u201d. Available online: https:\/\/www.kinovea.org."},{"key":"ref_45","unstructured":"Klay, M. (2021). YAT, 2.4.1, SourceForge."},{"key":"ref_46","unstructured":"(2025, October 22). MATLAB, R2021a; The MatWorks, Inc.: Natick, MA, USA. Available online: https:\/\/www.mathworks.com\/products\/matlab.html."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Goldstein, G., and Incagnoli, T.M. (1997). The Halstead\u2014Reitan Neuropsychological Battery. Contemporary Approaches to Neuropsychological Assessment, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4757-9820-3"},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1990.00530060095025","article-title":"The finger-tapping test. A quantitative analysis","volume":"47","author":"Shimoyama","year":"1990","journal-title":"Arch. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aem214","article-title":"Using the Bland-Altman method to measure agreement with repeated measures","volume":"99","author":"Myles","year":"2007","journal-title":"Br. J. Anaesth."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1967.10482916","article-title":"On the Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test for Normality with Mean and Variance Unknown","volume":"62","author":"Lilliefors","year":"1967","journal-title":"J. Am. Stat. Assoc."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.86.2.420","article-title":"Intraclass correlations: Uses in assessing rater reliability","volume":"86","author":"Shrout","year":"1979","journal-title":"Psychol. Bull."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcm.2016.02.012","article-title":"A Guideline of Selecting and Reporting Intraclass Correlation Coefficients for Reliability Research","volume":"15","author":"Koo","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Chiropr. Med."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"West, B.T., Welch, K.B., and Galecki, A.T. (2022). Linear Mixed Models: A Practical Guide Using Statistical Software, Chapman and Hall, Hall\/CRC. [3rd ed.].","DOI":"10.1201\/9781003181064"},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.61.3.310","article-title":"Move over ANOVA: Progress in analyzing repeated-measures data and its reflection in papers published in the Archives of General Psychiatry","volume":"61","author":"Gueorguieva","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arch. Gen. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20150039","DOI":"10.1515\/ijb-2015-0039","article-title":"Sample Size for Assessing Agreement between Two Methods of Measurement by Bland-Altman Method","volume":"12","author":"Lu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Biostat."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1308","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyr109","article-title":"A graphical method for assessing agreement with the mean between multiple observers using continuous measures","volume":"40","author":"Jones","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1080\/10543400701329422","article-title":"Agreement between methods of measurement with multiple observations per individual","volume":"17","author":"Bland","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Biopharm. Stat."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1018213","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2022.1018213","article-title":"Validation of a new smart textiles biotechnology for heart rate variability monitoring in sheep","volume":"9","author":"Turini","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Vet. Sci."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1123\/jab.2016-0120","article-title":"Validation of Inertial Measurement Units for Upper Body Kinematics","volume":"33","author":"Morrow","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Appl. Biomech."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1164001","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2023.1164001","article-title":"Validity of an inertial sensor-based system for the assessment of spatio-temporal parameters in people with multiple sclerosis","volume":"14","author":"Zahn","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1007\/s11910-021-01101-6","article-title":"Digital Technology in Movement Disorders: Updates, Applications, and Challenges","volume":"21","author":"Adams","year":"2021","journal-title":"Curr. Neurol. Neurosci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6119","DOI":"10.1080\/09638288.2021.1957027","article-title":"The use of wearable sensors to assess and treat the upper extremity after stroke: A scoping review","volume":"44","author":"Kim","year":"2022","journal-title":"Disabil. Rehabil."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1068413","DOI":"10.3389\/frobt.2022.1068413","article-title":"Assessment of movement disorders using wearable sensors during upper limb tasks: A scoping review","volume":"9","author":"Vanmechelen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Robot. AI"},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1221","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-018-0878-4","article-title":"Wearable Inertial Sensor Systems for Lower Limb Exercise Detection and Evaluation: A Systematic Review","volume":"48","author":"Caulfield","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sports Med."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wei, S., and Wu, Z. (2023). The Application of Wearable Sensors and Machine Learning Algorithms in Rehabilitation Training: A Systematic Review. Sensors, 23.","DOI":"10.3390\/s23187667"},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1186\/s12984-020-00779-y","article-title":"Systematic review on the application of wearable inertial sensors to quantify everyday life motor activity in people with mobility impairments","volume":"17","author":"Rast","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Neuroeng. Rehabil."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Prasanth, H., Caban, M., Keller, U., Courtine, G., Ijspeert, A., Vallery, H., and Von Zitzewitz, J. (2021). Wearable Sensor-Based Real-Time Gait Detection: A Systematic Review. Sensors, 21.","DOI":"10.3390\/s21082727"}],"container-title":["Sports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-4663\/13\/11\/373\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]],"date-time":"2025-11-03T15:04:20Z","timestamp":1762182260000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-4663\/13\/11\/373"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]]},"references-count":67,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]}},"alternative-id":["sports13110373"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/sports13110373","relation":{},"ISSN":["2075-4663"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2075-4663","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]]}}}