{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T11:54:21Z","timestamp":1767873261629,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767830400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sports"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Physical inactivity during adolescence remains a major public health concern, yet its multifactorial determinants are not fully understood in low- and middle-income settings. Objective: To identify and quantify the determinants of physical activity (PA) among Brazilian adolescents using a hierarchical logistic regression model that reflects the theoretical ordering of distal to proximal factors. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 856 adolescents (13\u201319 years). Data were obtained from the validated Brazilian Youth Risk Behavior Survey and the Brazilian Economic Classification Criteria (ABEP) socioeconomic questionnaire. PA was dichotomized according to World Health Organization recommendations. Hierarchical logistic regression examined five theoretical blocks: sociodemographic, anthropometric, substance use, weight\/diet, and sedentary behavior. Results: Overall, 5 out of 17 predictors were significant in the full model. extended Body mass index (eBMI) was negatively associated with physical activity (OR = 0.331, 95% CI: 0.169\u20130.647, p = 0.001), while body mass was positively associated (OR = 2.078, 95% CI: 1.045\u20134.135, p = 0.037). Working status (OR = 1.235, 95% CI: 1.035\u20131.475, p = 0.019) and weight loss attempts (OR = 1.327, 95% CI: 1.042\u20131.690, p = 0.022) increased the odds of being active, whereas current smoking reduced it (OR = 0.715, 95% CI: 0.517\u20130.990, p = 0.043). Model discrimination improved progressively (AUC = 0.577 to 0.692). Conclusions: Physical activity among Brazilian adolescents was primarily influenced by behavioral and perceptual rather than demographic factors. These findings highlight the need for integrated interventions promoting muscle development, body positivity, and smoking prevention.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/sports14010031","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T09:01:29Z","timestamp":1767862889000},"page":"31","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Hierarchical Analysis of Physical Activity Determinants in Brazilian Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0571-9818","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arley Santos","family":"Le\u00e3o","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Federal de Educa\u00e7\u00e3o, Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia de Alagoas, Macei\u00f3 57020-600, Brazil"},{"name":"Department of Sport Sciences, University of Beira Interior, 6201-001 Covilh\u00e3, Portugal"},{"name":"Research Center in Sport Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), University of Beira Interior, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4578-7666","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roberto Jer\u00f4nimo dos Santos","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Educa\u00e7\u00e3o F\u00edsica, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, S\u00e3o Crist\u00f3v\u00e3o 49100-000, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9454-7768","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Naiara Ribeiro","family":"Almeida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program of Physical Education, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0021-7907","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cinthya Luiza Rezende","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program of Physical Education, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9884-1187","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diego Ignacio Valenzuela","family":"P\u00e9rez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Salud y Ciencias Sociales, Universidad de las Am\u00e9ricas, Santiago 8370003, Chile"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1544-2824","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Esteban","family":"Aedo-Mu\u00f1oz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Escuela de Ciencias de la Actividad F\u00edsica, el Deporte y la Salud, Facultad de Ciencias M\u00e9dicas, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago 8380494, Chile"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9678-1977","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ciro Jos\u00e9","family":"Brito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program of Physical Education, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, Brazil"}]},{"given":"J\u00falio Manuel Cardoso","family":"Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sport Sciences, University of Beira Interior, 6201-001 Covilh\u00e3, Portugal"},{"name":"Research Center in Sport Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), University of Beira Interior, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0296-9707","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aldo Matos","family":"da Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sport Sciences, University of Beira Interior, 6201-001 Covilh\u00e3, Portugal"},{"name":"Research Center in Sport Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), University of Beira Interior, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.1177\/0022146517735313","article-title":"Health Lifestyles in Adolescence and Self-rated Health into Adulthood","volume":"58","author":"Burdette","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. 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