{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T04:27:43Z","timestamp":1760243263705,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,18]],"date-time":"2014-06-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1403049600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sports"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of different formats (2-a-side, 3-a-side and 4-a-side) on heart rate responses of female students during small-sided and conditioned handball games. The heart rate responses were measured using heart rate monitors during physical education classes. Eight female students participated in the study (15 \u00b1 0.0 years). The one-way ANOVA showed statistical differences with moderate effect between the three different formats (F(2, 1674) = 86.538; p-value \u02c2 0.001;                                                    = 0.094; Power = 1.0). The results showed that smaller formats (2-a-side and 3-a-side) increased the heart rate responses of female students during small-sided and conditioned handball games during physical education (PE) classes. The results also suggested that 2-a-side games can be used for anaerobic workouts and the 3-a-side and 4-a-side games can be better used to reach lactate-threshold and for aerobic workouts of high intensity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/sports2020051","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,18]],"date-time":"2014-06-18T11:40:25Z","timestamp":1403091625000},"page":"51-58","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Acute Effects of Different Formats of Small-Sided and Conditioned Handball Games on Heart Rate Responses in Female Students During PE Classes"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"2","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9813-2842","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Filipe","family":"Clemente","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, ESEC, DE, Rua Dom Jo\u00e3o III, Solum, 3030-329 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, RoboCorp, ASSERT, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, University of Coimbra, Adress: Est\u00e1dio Universit\u00e1rio de Coimbra, Pavilh\u00e3o 3, 3040-156 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"given":"R\u00faben","family":"Rocha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, University of Coimbra, Adress: Est\u00e1dio Universit\u00e1rio de Coimbra, Pavilh\u00e3o 3, 3040-156 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1812-2300","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fernando","family":"Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, ESEC, DE, Rua Dom Jo\u00e3o III, Solum, 3030-329 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, RoboCorp, ASSERT, Portugal"},{"name":"Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es, Delega\u00e7\u00e3o da Covilh\u00e3, Convento Santo Ant\u00f3nio, 6201-001 Covilh\u00e3, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2433-5193","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rui","family":"Mendes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, ESEC, DE, Rua Dom Jo\u00e3o III, Solum, 3030-329 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, RoboCorp, ASSERT, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"93","article-title":"The usefulness of small-sided games on soccer training","volume":"12","author":"Clemente","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Physical Education and Sport"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.22456\/1982-8918.27495","article-title":"Princ\u00edpios Pedag\u00f3gicos dos Teaching Games for Understanding e da Pedagogia N\u00e3o-Linear no Ensino da Educa\u00e7\u00e3o F\u00edsica","volume":"8","author":"Clemente","year":"2012","journal-title":"Movimento"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.2165\/11539740-000000000-00000","article-title":"Physiology of Small-Sided Games Training in Football: A Systematic Review","volume":"41","author":"Dawson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Sports Medicine"},{"key":"ref_4","unstructured":"Siedentop, D. 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