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Under such background, we tried to respond to questions as: (1) Are there differences in the stomatal-related and non-stomatal responses during water stress cycles in different clones of Coffea canephora Pierre ex A. Froehner? (2) Do these C. canephora clones show a different response in each of the two sequential water stress events? (3) Is one previous drought stress event sufficient to induce a kind of \u201cmemory\u201d in C. canephora? Seven-month-old plants of two clones (\u20193V\u2019 and \u2018A1\u2019, previously characterized as deeper and lesser deep root growth, respectively) were maintained well-watered (WW) or fully withholding the irrigation, inducing soil water stress (WS) until the soil matric water potential (\u03a8msoil) reached \u2245 \u22120.5 MPa (\u2212500 kPa) at a soil depth of 500 mm. Two sequential drought events (drought-1 and drought-2) attained this \u03a8msoil after 19 days and were followed by soil rewatering until a complete recovery of leaf net CO2 assimilation rate (Anet) during the recovery-1 and recovery-2 events. The leaf gas exchange, chlorophyll a fluorescence, and leaf reflectance parameters were measured in six-day frequency, while the leaf anatomy was examined only at the end of the second drought cycle. In both drought events, the WS plants showed reduction in stomatal conductance and leaf transpiration. The reduction in internal CO2 diffusion was observed in the second drought cycle, expressed by increased thickness of spongy parenchyma in both clones. Those stomatal and anatomical traits impacted decreasing the Anet in both drought events. The \u20183V\u2019 was less influenced by water stress than the \u2018A1\u2019 genotype in Anet, effective quantum yield in PSII photochemistry, photochemical quenching, linear electron transport rate, and photochemical reflectance index during the drought-1, but during the drought-2 event such an advantage disappeared. Such physiological genotype differences were supported by the medium xylem vessel area diminished only in \u20183V\u2019 under WS. In both drought cycles, the recovery of all observed stomatal and non-stomatal responses was usually complete after 12 days of rewatering. The absence of photochemical impacts, namely in the maximum quantum yield of primary photochemical reactions, photosynthetic performance index, and density of reaction centers capable of QA reduction during the drought-2 event, might result from an acclimation response of the clones to WS. In the second drought cycle, the plants showed some improved responses to stress, suggesting \u201cmemory\u201d effects as drought acclimation at a recurrent drought.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/stresses4030037","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,10]],"date-time":"2024-09-10T03:16:51Z","timestamp":1725938211000},"page":"575-597","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Stomatal and Non-Stomatal Leaf Responses during Two Sequential Water Stress Cycles in Young Coffea canephora Plants"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Danilo F.","family":"Baroni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Setor de Fisiologia Vegetal, Laborat\u00f3rio de Melhoramento Gen\u00e9tico Vegetal, Centro de Ci\u00eancias e Tecnologias Agropecu\u00e1rias, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Avenida Alberto Lamego 2000, Parque Calif\u00f3rnia, Campos dos Goytacazes 28013-602, RJ, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8836-1203","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guilherme A. 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