{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T09:38:12Z","timestamp":1777714692925,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":143,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,14]],"date-time":"2019-05-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1557792000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001866","name":"Fonds National de la Recherche Luxembourg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["C16\/SR\/11311935"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["C16\/SR\/11311935"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001866","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010661","name":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["730468"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["730468"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010661","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sustainability"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Urbanisation poses new and complex sustainability challenges. Socio-economic activities drive material and energy flows in cities that influence the health of ecosystems inside and outside the urban system. Recent studies suggest that these flows, under the urban metabolism (UM) metaphor, can be extended to encompass the assessment of urban ecosystem services (UES). Advancing UM approaches to assess UES may be a valuable solution to these arising sustainability challenges, which can support urban planning decisions. This paper critically reviews UM literature related to the UES concept and identifies approaches that may allow or improve the assessment of UES within UM frameworks. We selected from the UM literature 42 studies that encompass UES aspects, and analysed them on the following key investigation themes: temporal information, spatial information, system boundary aspects and cross-scale indicators. The analysis showed that UES are rarely acknowledged in UM literature, and that existing UM approaches have limited capacity to capture the complexity of spatio-temporal and multi-scale information underpinning UES, which has hampered the implementation of operational decision support systems so far. We use these results to identify and illustrate pathways towards a UM-UES modelling approach. Our review suggests that cause\u2013effect dynamics should be integrated with the UM framework, based on spatially-specific social, economic and ecological data. System dynamics can inform on the causal relationships underpinning UES in cities and, therefore, can help moving towards a knowledge base tool to support urban planners in addressing urban challenges.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/su11102766","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,15]],"date-time":"2019-05-15T11:37:40Z","timestamp":1557920260000},"page":"2766","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Pathways to Modelling Ecosystem Services within an Urban Metabolism Framework"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Thomas","family":"Elliot","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"RDI Unit on Environmental Sustainability Assessment and Circularity; Environmental Research &amp; Innovation (ERIN) department; Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST); 41 Rue du Brill, L-4422 Belvaux, Luxembourg"},{"name":"IN+, Centre for Innovation, Technology and Policy Research\u2014Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5980-5899","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Javier","family":"Bab\u00ed Almenar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RDI Unit on Environmental Sustainability Assessment and Circularity; Environmental Research &amp; Innovation (ERIN) department; Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST); 41 Rue du Brill, L-4422 Belvaux, Luxembourg"},{"name":"Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento, Via Mesiano 77, 38123 Trento, Italy"},{"name":"Institute of Molecular Sciences, University of Bordeaux, F-33400 Talence, France"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0679-4027","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samuel","family":"Niza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IN+, Centre for Innovation, Technology and Policy Research\u2014Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"Circular\u2014Sustainability Consulting, Lda. Largo do Infante Santo, CIES, 2005-246 Santar\u00e9m, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8245-357X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"V\u00e2nia","family":"Proen\u00e7a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MARETEC, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3525-1382","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Benedetto","family":"Rugani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RDI Unit on Environmental Sustainability Assessment and Circularity; Environmental Research &amp; Innovation (ERIN) department; Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST); 41 Rue du Brill, L-4422 Belvaux, Luxembourg"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"UN (2017). 2017 Revision of World Population Prospects, UN."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"UN (2018). 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