{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,19]],"date-time":"2026-04-19T09:58:22Z","timestamp":1776592702376,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,18]],"date-time":"2019-06-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1560816000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010681","name":"H2020 Environment","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["635577"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["635577"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010681","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GEO\/110944\/2009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GEO\/110944\/2009"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UID\/AGR\/00115\/2013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UID\/AGR\/00115\/2013"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sustainability"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The montado is a silvo pastoral system, and the dominant land-use in the region of Alentejo (Portugal). It bears high nature, socio-economic, and landscape values, shaping the strong cultural identity of the region. Despite these values, it has been under decay over the last decades, indicating the inefficiency of current governance strategies. In this paper, we argue how three main discourses can be found that underpin different governance strategies in the montado: The heritage discourse, the modern production discourse, and the land stewardship discourse. These discourses frame farmers\u2019 decisions, though not always explicitly. The discourse analysis is grounded on an analysis of the relevant literature and research results from diverse projects, including an analysis of media representation of the montado since the 1990s, participatory observations, and 30 in-depth interviews with key stakeholders. Each of the three discourses identified are characterized in terms of key farming developments and defining elements, their time-scopes, the ways in which they are perceived by society, their measures of success, and underpinning institutions and power mechanisms. We argue that these discourses co-exist today, and this is a cause of increased tensions in montado governance strategies, hindering more effective and sustainable potential alternatives for the system.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/su11123363","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,19]],"date-time":"2019-06-19T02:42:46Z","timestamp":1560912166000},"page":"3363","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Governance Discourses Reflecting Tensions in a Multifunctional Land Use System in Decay; Tradition Versus Modernity in the Portuguese Montado"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Teresa","family":"Pinto-Correia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"ICAAM\u2014Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Agr\u00e1rias e Ambientais Mediterr\u00e2nicas, Universidade de \u00c9vora, P\u00f3lo da Mitra, Ap. 94, 7006-554 \u00c9vora, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5331-8344","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Mu\u00f1oz-Rojas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ICAAM\u2014Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Agr\u00e1rias e Ambientais Mediterr\u00e2nicas, Universidade de \u00c9vora, P\u00f3lo da Mitra, Ap. 94, 7006-554 \u00c9vora, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Martin Hvarregaard","family":"Thors\u00f8e","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Blichers All\u00e9 20, 8830 Tjele, Denmark"}]},{"given":"Egon Bj\u00f8rnshave","family":"Noe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sociology, Environmental and Business Economics, Danish Centre for Rural Research, Niels Bohrs Vej 9, DK-6700 Esbjerg, Denmark"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1890\/100084","article-title":"Mediterranean cork oak savannas require human use to sustain biodiversity and ecosystem services","volume":"9","author":"Bugalho","year":"2011","journal-title":"Front. 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