{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T00:59:09Z","timestamp":1776819549095,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":87,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,10]],"date-time":"2019-11-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1573344000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010790","name":"Erasmus+","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2016-3- EL02-KA205-002673"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016-3- EL02-KA205-002673"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010790","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sustainability"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Family business succession is a key topic that has attracted considerable attention from researchers, especially in the last decade. Most research, however, is based on case studies with limited applicability and fails to present comparisons across international contexts that highlight differences in succession processes. We apply expectation states theory to analyze a sample of 128 observations in two Southern European countries, Portugal and Greece. We study configurations of successors\u2019 characteristics, family business characteristics, the existence (or absence) of a succession plan, and successors\u2019 motivation to succeed. Our aim is to reveal how these issues affect successors\u2019 perceptions of preparation for succession using fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA). Family businesses are a dominant organizational form all over the world, and succession issues are critical for the sustainability of family businesses. Our findings suggest that different configurations of conditions influence successors\u2019 perceptions of preparation for family business succession. Moreover, we verify the influence of cultural differences on these processes. This research helps fill a gap in the literature, showing the role of a set of characteristics in successors\u2019 perceptions of preparation for family business succession. Our conclusions provide insight into the types of policies that can promote successful family business succession.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/su11226309","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,12]],"date-time":"2019-11-12T04:07:07Z","timestamp":1573531627000},"page":"6309","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Family Business Succession in Different National Contexts: A Fuzzy-Set QCA Approach"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Ant\u00f3nio","family":"Porf\u00edrio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CIEO - Research Centre for Spatial and Organizational Dynamics, Social Sciences and Management Department, Universidade Aberta, 1269-001 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Tiago","family":"Carrilho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIEO - Research Centre for Spatial and Organizational Dynamics, Social Sciences and Management Department, Universidade Aberta, 1269-001 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Joseph","family":"Hassid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Economics, University of Piraeus, 185 34 Piraeus, Greece"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5661-2928","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ricardo","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Management Studies, ISEG\u2014Lisbon School of Economics and Management, 1249-078 Lisbon, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Magazine, T. 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