{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,24]],"date-time":"2026-04-24T19:39:59Z","timestamp":1777059599849,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":159,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,15]],"date-time":"2019-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1576368000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sustainability"],"abstract":"<jats:p>High levels of physical fitness (PF) can positively affect both health and cognitive function, thus monitoring its levels in youth can help increase health and quality of life in adult populations later on. This systematic review aims to identify PF field-based tests used in young European populations practicing sport to find tools that are adequate for the considered target involving a new battery within the Enriched Sport Activities (ESA) project. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement was followed. In the 83 identified articles, the main tests used were: vertical\/horizontal jumps (for muscular strength\/power); push-ups, running at maximum effort, sit-ups (for muscular strength\/endurance); multistage non-intermittent and intermittent tests (for aerobic endurance); sit and reach (for flexibility); sprinting and agility T-tests (for speed and agility, respectively); 10 \u00d7 5 m shuttle run (SR) (for both speed and agility). Few studies assessed coordination, reaction time, power, and balance. Although the selected tests are widely used and validated, they do not determine all PF aspects and do not reflect sport-specific features. A final decision was made for the inclusion of the following tests: standing broad jump, seated medicine ball throw, 20 m SR test, 30 m sprint, Illinois test, and a new test, i.e., the crunning test, to assess different skill-related components at once. The use of this combination of tests allows for the assessment of all PF components and can help planning effective training programs and cultivate sporting talent.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/su11247187","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,16]],"date-time":"2019-12-16T05:19:38Z","timestamp":1576473578000},"page":"7187","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Field-Based Tests for the Assessment of Physical Fitness in Children and Adolescents Practicing Sport: A Systematic Review within the ESA Program"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7619-5153","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Garden","family":"Tabacchi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 15, 90128 Palermo, Italy"},{"name":"Palermo University Sport Center (CUS Palermo), Via Altofonte, 80, 90129 Palermo, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9897-5273","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guillermo F.","family":"Lopez Sanchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Activity and Sport, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Murcia, Calle Argentina, 19, 30720 Murcia, Spain"}]},{"given":"Fatma","family":"Nese Sahin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sport and Health, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Ankara University, Golbasi Yerleskesi Spor Bilimleri Fakultesi, 06830 Ankara, Turkey"}]},{"given":"Meltem","family":"Kizilyalli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sport and Health, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Ankara University, Golbasi Yerleskesi Spor Bilimleri Fakultesi, 06830 Ankara, Turkey"}]},{"given":"Rosario","family":"Genchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Palermo University Sport Center (CUS Palermo), Via Altofonte, 80, 90129 Palermo, Italy"}]},{"given":"Michele","family":"Basile","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Palermo University Sport Center (CUS Palermo), Via Altofonte, 80, 90129 Palermo, Italy"}]},{"given":"Musa","family":"Kirkar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Palermo University Sport Center (CUS Palermo), Via Altofonte, 80, 90129 Palermo, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4327-5744","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Escola Superior de Desporto de Rio Maior (CIEQV - IPSantarem), Av. Dr. Mario Soares, 20413 RIO Maior, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6558-1956","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nuno","family":"Loureiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Escola Superior de Desporto de Rio Maior (CIEQV - IPSantarem), Av. Dr. Mario Soares, 20413 RIO Maior, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4326-4175","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eduardo","family":"Teixeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Escola Superior de Desporto de Rio Maior (CIEQV - IPSantarem), Av. Dr. Mario Soares, 20413 RIO Maior, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6781-1295","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yolanda","family":"Demetriou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Uptown Munich Campus D, Georg-Brauchle-Ring 60\/62, 80992 Munich, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0372-041X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David Joseph","family":"Sturm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Uptown Munich Campus D, Georg-Brauchle-Ring 60\/62, 80992 Munich, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5306-4188","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simona","family":"Pajaujene","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Coaching Science, Lithuanian Sports University, Sporto 6, LT-44221 Kaunas, Lithuania"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9205-1515","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ilona J.","family":"Zuoziene","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Coaching Science, Lithuanian Sports University, Sporto 6, LT-44221 Kaunas, Lithuania"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4595-3994","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manuel","family":"G\u00f3mez-L\u00f3pez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Activity and Sport, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Murcia, Calle Argentina, 19, 30720 Murcia, Spain"}]},{"given":"Ante","family":"Rada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Split, Teslina 6, 21000 Split, Croatia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7360-7282","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jelena","family":"Pausic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Split, Teslina 6, 21000 Split, Croatia"}]},{"given":"Nemanja","family":"Lakicevic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 15, 90128 Palermo, Italy"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Petrigna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 15, 90128 Palermo, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1293-7995","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kaltrina","family":"Feka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 15, 90128 Palermo, Italy"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Escola Profissional de Aveiro, Rua Dr. Francisco Ferreira Neves. Apartado 567, Barrocas, 3800-510 Aveiro, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Marianna","family":"Alesi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 15, 90128 Palermo, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8334-6581","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonino","family":"Bianco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 15, 90128 Palermo, Italy"},{"name":"Palermo University Sport Center (CUS Palermo), Via Altofonte, 80, 90129 Palermo, Italy"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Corbin, C.B. (2014). 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