{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]],"date-time":"2026-03-30T18:50:37Z","timestamp":1774896637483,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,5]],"date-time":"2020-03-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1583366400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sustainability"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Despite the recent advances in the analysis of the seismic performance of reinforced concrete structures, the assessment of large building inventories aimed at defining and prioritizing structural retrofitting strategies is still a technically challenging task. This paper aims to contribute to bridging this gap by presenting a simplified methodology for assessing the seismic vulnerability of reinforced concrete buildings, which is then applied to a group of 91 buildings affected by recent earthquakes with different macroseismic intensities. The presented methodology is based on the evaluation of eight parameters associated with different factors that affect the seismic response of the building, namely its structural features, foundation conditions, and position within the urban mesh. The formulation of each parameter and the relative weight attributed to each one of them were defined on the basis of post-earthquake damage observation and expert opinion. After defined, the proposed methodology is applied to Faro city center. Based on the results obtained, a cost benefit analysis is made considering a strengthening solution to the buildings with soft-story irregularity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/su12051996","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,6]],"date-time":"2020-03-06T09:26:41Z","timestamp":1583486801000},"page":"1996","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Seismic Vulnerability Assessment of Existing Reinforced Concrete Buildings in Urban Centers"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6454-7927","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tiago Miguel","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"ISISE\u2014Institute of Science and Innovation for Bio-Sustainability (IB-S), Department of Civil Engineering, University of Minho, 4400-058 Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1373-4540","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hugo","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RISCO, Department of Civil Engineering, Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Romeu","family":"Vicente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RISCO, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Vicente, R., Ferreira, T.M., Maio, R., Costa, A.A., Est\u00eav\u00e3o, J., Varum, H., and Oliveira, C.S. (2014). Metodologia de avalia\u00e7\u00e3o da vulnerabilidade s\u00edsmica: Calibra\u00e7\u00e3o e valida\u00e7\u00e3o macross\u00edsmica. 5as Jornadas Portuguesas de Engenharia de Estruturas (JPEE), National Laboratory of Civil Engineering (LNEC)."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"Ferreira, T.M. (2010). Avalia\u00e7\u00e3o da Vulnerabilidade S\u00edsmica de N\u00facleos Urbanos Antigos. APLICA\u00c7\u00c3O Ao N\u00facleo Urbano Antigo Do Seixal. [Ph.D. Thesis, Faulty of Engineering of the University of Oporto]."},{"key":"ref_3","unstructured":"Bal, I., Gulay, F., and Tezcan, S. (2008, January 12\u201317). A new approach for the preliminary seismic assessment of RC buildings: P25 Scoring Method. In Proceeding of the 14th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering (ECEE), Beijing, China."},{"key":"ref_4","unstructured":"ATC-21 (1988). Rapid Visual Screening of Buildings for Potential Seismic Hazards: A Handbook. 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Eng."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1753","DOI":"10.1007\/s10518-013-9447-2","article-title":"Seismic vulnerability assessment of historical urban centres: Case study of the old city centre in Seixal, Portugal","volume":"11","author":"Ferreira","year":"2013","journal-title":"Bull. Earthq. Eng."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.12989\/sem.2014.50.4.541","article-title":"Seismic vulnerability assessment of masonry facade walls: Development, application and validation of a new scoring method","volume":"50","author":"Ferreira","year":"2014","journal-title":"Struct. Eng. Mech."},{"key":"ref_13","unstructured":"Vicente, R. (2008). Estrat\u00e9gias e Metodologias para Interven\u00e7\u00f5es de Reabilita\u00e7\u00e3o Urbana. Avalia\u00e7\u00e3o da Vulnerabilidade e do R\u00edsco S\u00edsmico do Edificado da Baixa de Coimbra. [Ph.D. Thesis, Civil Engineering]."},{"key":"ref_14","unstructured":"Silva, J. (2015). 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Eng."}],"container-title":["Sustainability"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2071-1050\/12\/5\/1996\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T09:04:28Z","timestamp":1760173468000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2071-1050\/12\/5\/1996"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,5]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3]]}},"alternative-id":["su12051996"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/su12051996","relation":{},"ISSN":["2071-1050"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2071-1050","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,5]]}}}