{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T12:43:06Z","timestamp":1770813786364,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,12]],"date-time":"2020-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1583971200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sustainability"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The effects of climate dynamics on urban areas involve the aggravation of existing conditions and the potential for emergence of new hazards or risk factors. Floods are recognized as a leading source of consequences to society, including disruption of critical functions in urban areas, and to the environment. Consideration of the interplay between services providers ensuring urban functions is essential to deal with climate dynamics and associated risks. Assessment of resilience to multiple hazards requires integrated and multi-sectoral approaches embracing each strategic urban sector and interactions between them. A common limitation resides in the limited data and tools available for undertaking these complex assessments. The paper proposes a methodology to undertake the spatial characterization of the flood related hazards and exposure of both essential functions and services providers in urban areas, in the context of limitations in data and in ready-to-use tools. Results support the resilience assessment of these hazards, taking into account interdependencies and cascading effects. The approach is applied to Lisbon city as the study case. Results are promising in demonstrating the potential of combining data and knowledge from different sources with dual modelling approaches, allowing us to obtain trends on the magnitude of effects of climate scenarios and to assess potential benefits of adaptation strategies. Quantification of the effects is reached, but results need to be assessed together with the underlying levels of uncertainty. The methodology can facilitate dialogue among stakeholders and between different decision levels.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/su12062227","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,12]],"date-time":"2020-03-12T12:22:51Z","timestamp":1584015771000},"page":"2227","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Urban Resilience to Flooding: Triangulation of Methods for Hazard Identification in Urban Areas"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8488-2474","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria do C\u00e9u","family":"Almeida","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Urban Water Unit, National Civil Engineering Laboratory, LNEC, Av. Brasil 101, 1700-066 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5295-5050","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Jo\u00e3o","family":"Telhado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lisbon City Council, C\u00e2mara Municipal de Lisboa, CML, Pra\u00e7a Jos\u00e9 Queir\u00f3s, n.\u00ba1 \u2013 3\u00ba piso \u2013 Fra\u00e7\u00e3o 5, 1800-237 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Morais","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lisbon City Council, C\u00e2mara Municipal de Lisboa, CML, Pra\u00e7a Jos\u00e9 Queir\u00f3s, n.\u00ba1 \u2013 3\u00ba piso \u2013 Fra\u00e7\u00e3o 5, 1800-237 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9082-5166","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Barreiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CEris, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, University of Lisbon, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Ruth","family":"Lopes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HIDRA, Av. Defensores de Chaves, 31 \u2013 1\u00ba Esq., 1000-111 Lisboa, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"UN (2020, January 10). Transforming Our World: The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. A\/RES\/70\/1 United Nations. Available online: https:\/\/sustainabledevelopment.un.org\/content\/documents\/2125203020Agenda20for20Sustainable20Development20web.pdf."},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"3","article-title":"Engineering future liveable, resilient, sustainable cities using foresight","volume":"171","author":"Rogers","year":"2018","journal-title":"Proc. Inst. Civ. Eng. Civ. 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