{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T09:57:07Z","timestamp":1768471027916,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,30]],"date-time":"2020-03-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1585526400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sustainability"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This paper investigated the impact of employee quality on corporate social responsibility (CSR). Based on data from China A-share-listed companies for the years 2012\u20132016 and using ordinary least squares, our empirical results show that the educational level of the workforce, as a proxy for employee quality, is positively associated with CSR, which suggests that higher education can promote CSR implementation. Additional analyses found that this positive relationship is more pronounced in non-state-owned enterprises, enterprises in regions with lower marketisation processes, and firms with lower proportions of independent directors. This study extends the literature on human capital at the level of firms\u2019 entire workforce and CSR by elaborating the positive effect of employee quality on CSR in the context of an emerging economy (China). The results suggest that it is necessary to consider the educational level of employees when analysing CSR, which is of strategic significance for corporate sustainable development.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/su12072692","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,1]],"date-time":"2020-04-01T05:52:30Z","timestamp":1585720350000},"page":"2692","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Does Employee Quality Affect Corporate Social Responsibility? Evidence from China"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Shilu","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Business, University of International Business and Economics, Beijing 100029, China"}]},{"given":"Tiantian","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Management, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2381-8353","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hong","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Banking &amp; Finance, University of International Business and Economics, Beijing 100029, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4582-8659","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rita Yi Man","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HKSYU Real Estate and Economics Research Lab, Hong Kong Shue Yan University, Hong Kong, China"},{"name":"Rattanakosin International College of Creative Entrepreneurship, Rajamangala University of Technology Rattanakosin, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand"}]},{"given":"Kostas","family":"Gouliamos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"European University Cyprus, Nicosia 1516, Cyprus"}]},{"given":"Jianming","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Business, University of International Business and Economics, Beijing 100029, China"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Humanities and Social Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9411-7925","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Otilia","family":"Manta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Romanian Academy, Center for Financial and Monetary Research\u2014Victor Sl\u0103vescu, Bucharest 050711, Romania"},{"name":"Romanian-American University, Bucharest 012101, Romania"}]},{"given":"Ubaldo","family":"Comite","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Business Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy"},{"name":"Department of Law and Business Sciences, University Giustino Fortunato, 82100 Benevento, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2026-7365","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Teresa","family":"Barros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIICESI, ESTG, Polit\u00e9cnico do Porto, Felgueiras 4610-156, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4156-7922","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nelson","family":"Duarte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIICESI, ESTG, Polit\u00e9cnico do Porto, Felgueiras 4610-156, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3004-6961","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiao-Guang","family":"Yue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rattanakosin International College of Creative Entrepreneurship, Rajamangala University of Technology Rattanakosin, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand"},{"name":"European University Cyprus, Nicosia 1516, Cyprus"},{"name":"Department of Law and Business Sciences, University Giustino Fortunato, 82100 Benevento, Italy"},{"name":"CIICESI, ESTG, Polit\u00e9cnico do Porto, Felgueiras 4610-156, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"662","DOI":"10.2307\/2393278","article-title":"Corporate Culture and Organizational Effectiveness","volume":"36","author":"Dyer","year":"1991","journal-title":"Admin. 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